Author

Mariah Powers

Mariah Powers is a wellness content strategist and writer with over seven years' experience developing clear, informative narratives on complex health topics for pharmaceutical manufacturers, hospitals, therapy clinics, and clean-living companies. Leveraging SEO product development insights, she crafts data-driven health topics, empowering readers to live healthier, happier lives.

Medications

What Are Progesterone Capsules? Uses, Side Effects, & FAQs

by Mariah Powers February 12, 2026

written by Mariah Powers

The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Progesterone Capsules

Mariah Powers
February 12, 2026

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

Progesterone capsules (brand name Prometrium) are prescription bioidentical hormones, meaning their chemical structure is identical to the progesterone naturally produced by the ovaries.

For postmenopausal women receiving estrogen therapy, the medication is used to prevent a precancerous thickening of the uterine lining, a condition known as endometrial hyperplasia. It may also be prescribed to women experiencing irregular menstrual cycles or amenorrhea (the absence of periods) due to hormonal imbalances. Common side effects include headache, breast tenderness, and mood changes.

how does Progesterone work?

Progesterone works by acting as a direct replacement or supplement for the progesterone hormone that naturally occurs in the body.

For women undergoing estrogen therapy, estrogen can cause the lining of the uterus to grow excessively. Without progesterone to counterbalance this growth, the lining can become precancerous, a condition called endometrial hyperplasia. Progesterone capsules are used to get the uterine lining to stop growing and shed, helping prevent irregular thickening and reducing the risk of endometrial cancer.

When used for amenorrhea (lack of periods), progesterone capsules help regulate the menstrual cycle. By taking the progesterone for a set number of days and then stopping, it mimics the natural hormonal drop of a menstrual cycle and triggers a period to start.

drug facts

Common Brands	Prometrium
Drug Class	Progestins
Generic Status	Generic version of Prometrium
Availability	Prescription Only

dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.

The dosing of progesterone capsules depends on what you’re taking it for.

Preventing Endometrial Hyperplasia – For postmenopausal women receiving estrogen therapy, the recommended dose is 200 mg taken by mouth at bedtime for 12 days per 28-day cycle. Alternatively, your healthcare provider may also describe a continuous daily dose.
Treating Secondary Amenorrhea – For premenopausal women experiencing irregular or missed periods, the recommended dose is 400 mg taken by mouth at bedtime for 10 days. A withdrawal bleed (period) usually occurs within a few days after the last dose is taken.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.

FDA-approved uses

Progesterone capsules are FDA-approved to prevent endometrial hyperplasia in postmenopausal women receiving estrogen therapy and to treat secondary amenorrhea (irregular or missed periods).

common off-label uses

Progesterone capsules do not have any common off-label uses at this time.

side effects

Like all medications, progesterone capsules can cause side effects. Common side effects may improve as your body adjusts to the medication, but others may be serious and require medical attention.

Common Side Effects

Headache
Breast pain or tenderness
Joint or muscle pain
Depression
Dizziness
Abdominal pain or bloating
Hot flashes
Urinary problems
Vaginal discharge or dryness
Nausea
Vomiting
Worry
Chest pain
Diarrhea
Night sweats
Swelling of hands and feet
Constipation
Fatigue

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur. Stop using progesterone capsules and call your doctor immediately if you experience:

Severe Allergic Reactions – Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat; difficulty breathing or swallowing; severe rash or itching; fever.
Blood Clots in the Lungs – Leg or arm pain, difficulty breathing, severe headache, or chest pain.
Blood Clot in the Eyes (Retinal Thrombosis) – Sudden partial or complete loss of vision, bulging eyes, or double vision.
Stroke – Sudden numbness on one side of the body, confusion, difficulty speaking or walking, or severe headache.
Heart Attack – Chest pain or tightness, sweating, difficulty breathing, or pain in the shoulder, neck, arm, or jaw.
Liver Issues – Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, pale stool, weakness, nausea, or severe upper stomach pain.
Pneumonia – Fever, night sweats, cough, fatigue, difficulty breathing.
Breast Lumps – Breast pain, soreness, swelling, rash, dimpling of the skin, or nipple discharge.

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms.

Starting at $34.99

Progesterone Capsules

Progesterone is a female hormone used to help prevent endometrial hyperplasia associated with estrogen therapy.

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pharmacist tips

Take Your Dose Before Bed – Because progesterone can cause significant drowsiness or dizziness, it is recommended to take your dose at bedtime.
Swallow with Water – Progesterone capsules should be swallowed whole with a full glass of water.
Be Careful Driving – Progesterone capsules can cause dizziness, so it’s recommended to avoid driving, operating heavy machinery, or performing dangerous activities until you know how this medication affects you.
Check for Allergies – Many progesterone capsules contain peanut oil. If you have a peanut allergy, alert your pharmacist immediately to verify the ingredients of the specific manufacturer.

drug interactions

Progesterone capsules can interact with other medications, potentially altering their effectiveness or increasing side effects. For example:

Antifungal Medications – Medications like ketoconzaole can affect how the body metabolizes progesterone.
Antibiotics – Drugs such as Rifampin may interact with progesterone.
Seizure Medications – Carbamazepine, phenytoin, and barbiturates can interact with progesterone.
Estrogens – While often prescribed together, progesterone can alter the effects of estrogen, sometimes decreasing its beneficial impact or increasing breast tenderness.

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions.

FAQs

Why should I take progesterone capsules at bedtime?

Progesterone can cause extreme dizziness or drowsiness. Taking it at bedtime helps prevent these issues during the day and may assist with sleep.

Does progesterone cause weight gain?

Some people experience weight changes on progesterone due to fluid retention (bloating) or increased appetite. However, others report weight loss. If you notice rapid weight gain or swelling, contact your healthcare provider.

What is the difference between progesterone and progestin?

“Progesterone” typically refers to a bioidentical hormone medication that is chemically identical to the progesterone the ovaries produce. “Progestin” is a broad term for synthetic hormones that mimic progesterone’s effects but have a slightly different chemical structure. Progesterone capsules (Prometrium) are bioidentical, whereas medications like norethindrone are synthetic progestins.

Is it safe to take progesterone capsules during pregnancy?

Progesterone may be safe to take in certain situations during pregnancy, such as to prevent preterm labor. However, it is generally considered unsafe to use during pregnancy for other purposes unless directed by a specialist. It’s best to consult your OB/GYN before taking progesterone capsules during pregnancy.

Do progesterone capsules contain peanuts?

Yes, progesterone capsules, as well as brand name Prometrium, contain peanut oil. If you have a peanut allergy, contact your pharmacist before taking progesterone capsules to verify the ingredients and see if you need to take an alternative instead.

Does progesterone help with anxiety or sleep?

While not FDA-approved as a sleeping pill or anti-anxiety medication, progesterone can cause drowsiness which may help some people sleep.

Will progesterone capsules stop my period?

If taken cyclically (e.g., for 10-12 days a month), progesterone is designed to regulate the period, not stop it. It’s typical to experience a “withdrawal bleed” (period) within 2 to 3 days after finishing your course of progesterone.

Can progesterone cause dizziness or “drunk” feelings?

Yes, progesterone can cause significant dizziness and lightheadedness. This is why driving or operating machinery after taking a dose is discouraged.

Is bioidentical progesterone safer than synthetic progestins?

Providers and patients may prefer bioidentical progesterone because it replicates the body’s natural hormone structure. Some research suggests it may carry a lower risk profile regarding breast cancer and cardiovascular issues compared to certain synthetic progestins, but all hormone therapy carries some risk.

How does progesterone protect the uterus during hormone replacement therapy (HRT)?

Estrogen stimulates the thickening of the uterine lining. Without a counter-balance, this lining can grow uncontrollably and become precancerous (endometrial hyperplasia). Progesterone acts as the “brakes,” stopping the growth and helping the lining mature and shed properly.

What is the difference between oral and vaginal progesterone?

Oral progesterone capsules are taken by mouth and processed through the liver (systemic absorption). Vaginal progesterone delivers the hormone directly to the uterus, which can result in fewer systemic side effects like drowsiness but may be messier to administer.

compare medications

Compared: Progesterone Capsules, Endometrin, Norethindrone, Climara, or Activella?

There are several medications that your doctor can prescribe in place of progesterone capsules. Here are a few possible alternatives below.

Endometrin – A brand of progesterone designed as a vaginal insert that is used in fertility treatment.
Norethindrone – A synthetic form of progesterone that may be used as a birth control pill or to treat endometriosis.
Climara – A patch that delivers estrogen (estradiol) through the skin to treat menopausal symptoms like hot flashes.
Activella – A combination HRT tablet that contains both estradiol (estrogen) and norethindrone (synthetic progestin) in a single pill.

Disclaimer

Important: Information on this page is for educational purposes only. Prescribing decisions are made by independent, licensed providers. TelyRx operates technology-enabled pharmacies and a telehealth platform that connects patients with board-certified licensed providers. Prescriptions, when provider-approved and issued, are filled and shipped by TelyRx-affiliated pharmacies. We do not employ physicians or make prescribing decisions. Learn more about our editorial standards here.

Prescription medications made easy with TelyRx.

What Is Amoxicillin-Clavulanate? Uses, How it Works, & FAQs

by Mariah Powers February 12, 2026

written by Mariah Powers

The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Amoxicillin-Clavulanate

Mariah Powers
February 12, 2026

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

Amoxicillin-clavulanate (brand name Augmentin) is a combination antibiotic that is prescribed for a number of bacterial infections that affect the ears, sinuses, skin, lower respiratory tract, and urinary tract.

Amoxicillin-clavulanate treats bacterial infections. It does not treat infections caused by viruses, such as the common cold or flu. It’s available in several forms, including immediate-release tablets, extended-release tablets, chewable tablets, and liquid oral suspensions. Common side effects include diarrhea, nausea, skin rashes, and hives.

how does Amoxicillin-clavulanate work?

Amoxicillin-clavulanate is a combination antibiotic with two active ingredients: amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium (also known as clavulanic acid). These work together by preventing the bacteria from growing and from forming a resistance to the antibiotic.

Amoxicillin functions as a penicillin-type antibiotic. It prevents the bacteria from forming a protective cell wall that allows it to grow and spread. Clavulanate acts as a beta-lactamase inhibitor. It works by blocking the beta-lactamase enzymes that bacteria use to shield themselves against antibiotics like amoxicillin.

The combination of the two active ingredients allows the amoxicillin to remain active against bacteria that would otherwise be resistant to amoxicillin alone.

drug facts

Common Brands	Augmentin, Augmentin ES, Augmentin XR
Drug Class	Penicillin antibiotic/Beta-lactamase inhibitor
Generic Status	Generic version of Augmentin
Availability	Prescription Only

dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.

Dosage for amoxicillin-clavulanate varies depending on the severity of their infection and is based on the dosage of amoxicillin.

Severe Infections or Respiratory Tract Infections – Providers typically recommend 875 mg taken by mouth with food every 12 hours, or 500 mg every 8 hours.
Less Severe Infections – The recommended dose is 500 mg taken by mouth with food every 12 hours, or 250 mg every 8 hours.

Amoxicillin comes in the following dosage forms and strengths:

Tablets

- 500 mg amoxicillin/125 mg clavulanate
- 875 mg amoxicillin/125 mg clavulanate

Oral suspension

- - 200 mg amoxicillin/28.5 mg clavulanate per 5 ml
  - 400 mg amoxicillin/57 mg clavulanate per 5 ml

Chewable tablets

- 200 mg amoxicillin/28.5 mg clavulanate
- 400 mg amoxicillin/57 mg clavulanate

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.

FDA-approved uses

Amoxicillin-Clavulanate is FDA-approved to treat bacterial infections such as:

Lower respiratory tract infections
Ear infections
Sinus infections
Skin infections
Urinary tract infections (UTIs)

common off-label uses

You may see amoxicillin-clavulanate prescribed for uses that are not “FDA-approved.” This is a very common and legal practice called “off-label” prescribing, where a doctor uses their clinical judgment to prescribe a drug for a different (but well-researched) purpose.

Amoxicillin-Clavulanate may be prescribed “off-label” for strep throat and other bacterial infections.

side effects

Like all medications, amoxicillin-clavulanate can cause side effects. Common side effects may improve as your body adjusts to the medication, but others may be serious and require medical attention.

Common Side Effects

Diarrhea
Nausea
Skin rash or hives
Vomiting
Vaginal yeast infections

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur. Stop using amoxicillin-clavulanate and call your doctor immediately if you experience:

Severe Allergic Reactions – Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat; difficulty breathing or swallowing; severe rash or itching; fever.
Severe Skin Reactions – Rare conditions such as Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) or Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN), or acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) can manifest as painful red or purple skin that peels, blisters, or develops pustules (fluid-filled bumps). This side effect can be more common in people with a current mononucleosis infection (“mono” or the “kissing disease”). Amoxicillin-clavulanate should not be used by people who currently have mononucleosis.
Liver Damage (Hepatic Dysfunction) – Signs may include yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, light-colored stool, stomach pain, fatigue, fever, and severe nausea.
Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea (C. diff) – An overgrowth of Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) bacteria can cause severe, watery, or bloody diarrhea, fever, and severe stomach cramps. These symptoms can occur up to two months after stopping the medication.
Drug-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (DIES) – This rare reaction in the GI tract causes symptoms such as severe vomiting, severe diarrhea, extreme tiredness, pale skin, low blood pressure, dizziness, and confusion. If DIES occurs, it usually happens within a day of taking amoxicillin-clavulanate.

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms.

Starting at $47.99

Amoxicillin-Clavulanate

Augmentin is a combination antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, ear infections, urinary tract infections, and skin infections.

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pharmacist tips

Take with Food – To reduce the likelihood of stomach upset, it is recommended to take your dose with a meal or snack. For the extended-release tablets, a low-fat meal is recommended to improve absorption.
Stay Hydrated – If you experience diarrhea, it is helpful to drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated.
Avoid Alcohol – While alcohol is not known to interact with amoxicillin-clavulanate, avoiding alcohol is recommended because it can worsen side effects like nausea and diarrhea.
Do Not Crush Extended-Release Tablets – The immediate-release and extended-release tablets have a special coating and should generally not be crushed. The chewable tablets may be crushed or chewed.
Measure and Store Oral Liquid Properly – If you are prescribed the liquid form of amoxicillin-clavulanate, it must be stored in the refrigerator. Shake the bottle well before every dose to ensure the medication is mixed evenly. Use the included cup or syringe to measure your dose, not a household spoon. Discard any remaining liquid after 10 days.
Finish the Course – Even if you feel better after a few days, finishing the entire prescribed course is important to prevent future resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate or similar antibiotic medications.

drug interactions

Amoxicillin-clavulanate can interact with other medications, potentially altering their effectiveness or increasing side effects. For example:

Allopurinol – A gout medication. Taking it with amoxicillin-clavulanate may increase the risk of rash.
Probenecid – A gout medication. It should not be used at the same time as amoxicillin-clavulanate.
Blood Thinners – Anticoagulants, such as warfarin, may interact with amoxicillin-clavulanate, potentially affecting blood clotting.
Birth Control – Antibiotics may decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives (birth control pills). It is often suggested to use an additional form of birth control during treatment.
Tetracyclines – Other antibiotics like doxycycline and tetracycline are generally not recommended to be used at the same time as amoxicillin-clavulanate.

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions.

FAQs

What is amoxicillin-clavulanate used to treat?

Amoxicillin-clavulanate is a combination antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, including those affecting the ears, sinuses, skin, urinary tract, and lower respiratory tract.

Why is clavulanate added to amoxicillin?

Amoxicillin kills bacteria, but some bacteria produce an enzyme called beta-lactamase to destroy amoxicillin and resist treatment. Clavulanate is added to block this enzyme, protecting the amoxicillin and allowing it to kill the bacteria.

Should I take amoxicillin-clavulanate with food?

Yes. It is generally recommended to take amoxicillin-clavulanate with a meal or snack to help minimize stomach upset and nausea.

Does amoxicillin-clavulanate cause yeast infections?

Yes, it can. Vaginal yeast infections are a reported side effect of amoxicillin-clavulanate, occurring in a small percentage of users. Antibiotics can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the body, allowing yeast to overgrow.

What happens if I miss a dose of amoxicillin-clavulanate?

If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular schedule. Do not take double doses to make up for the missed one.

Is amoxicillin-clavulanate safe to take during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

It is not known if amoxicillin-clavulanate harms an unborn baby, but the drug does pass into breast milk. If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, tell your healthcare provider so they can advise whether amoxicillin-clavulanate is safe for you to take.

What is the difference between amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate?

Amoxicillin is a single antibiotic. Amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin) is a combination antibiotic that contains amoxicillin plus clavulanate. The addition of clavulanate helps the medication fight bacteria that can become resistant to amoxicillin alone.

Does Augmentin affect birth control pills?

It is possible. This antibiotic may make birth control pills less effective. Providers often recommend using a backup method of contraception while taking Augmentin.

Can I crush an amoxicillin-clavulanate tablet?

It depends. Standard immediate-release and extended-release tablets should typically not be crushed due to their coating. However, chewable tablets can be chewed or crushed. Extended-release tablets often have a score line allowing them to be split in half.

Does Amoxicillin-Clavulanate cause rashes?

Yes, skin rashes are a common side effect of amoxicillin-clavulanate. While mostly mild, rashes can sometimes indicate a more serious allergic reaction or interaction, such as when they are severe or accompanied by swelling, itching, blisters, peeling, or painful red or purple skin.

compare medications

Compared: Amoxicillin-Clavulanate, Amoxicillin, Cephalexin, Azithromycin, Doxycycline, or Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim?

There are several medications that your doctor can prescribe in place of amoxicillin-clavulanate. Here are a few possible alternatives below.

Amoxicillin – A penicillin antibiotic that contains only amoxicillin and is prescribed to treat bacterial infections.
Cephalexin – A cephalosporin antibiotic, that is prescribed to treat bacterial infections such as pneumonia and respiratory tract infections.
Azithromycin – A macrolide antibiotic that may be prescribed when people have a penicillin allergy.
Doxycycline – A tetracycline antibiotic that may be prescribed for acne as well as bacterial infections and can be used when someone has an allergy to penicillin.
Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim – A combination antibiotic that is prescribed to treat bacterial infections such as UTIs and ear infections.

Disclaimer

Prescription medications made easy with TelyRx.

What Is Ondansetron? Uses, How it Works, Dosage & FAQs

by Mariah Powers February 12, 2026

written by Mariah Powers

The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Ondansetron

Mariah Powers
February 12, 2026

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

Ondansetron is a prescription antiemetic medication primarily used to treat nausea and vomiting. Ondansetron may be administered as a pill, liquid solution, or injection.

Common side effects include headaches, constipation, fatigue or malaise, dizziness, and diarrhea.

how does Ondansetron work?

Ondansetron essentially runs interference on the body’s natural response to nausea. When a person’s body is exposed to chemotherapy drugs and other situations that induce nausea, cells in the small intestine release serotonin that binds to 5-HT3 receptors in the vagus nerve connecting the brain and gut. After these receptors become active, the “vomiting reflex” is triggered within the body.

Ondansetron works by binding to the 5-HT3 receptors, leaving nowhere for the serotonin to bind. This cuts off communication between the brain and gut, minimizing the vomiting reflex in the process.

drug facts

Common Brands	Zofran ODT, Zuplenz, Zofran
Drug Class	Selective 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonist
Generic Status	Generic version of Zofran
Availability	Prescription Only

dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.

A patient’s overall health, and their liver function in particular, is used to determine their ondansetron dose. Typical prescriptions for ondansetron include:

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea: For adults taking high-risk trigger medication for chemotherapy who experience nausea, a dose of 24 milligrams (mg) taken half an hour before treatment is standard. Patients taking moderate-risk trigger medication are often prescribed an 8-mg dose taken before their chemotherapy, and another 8-mg dose taken eight hours later. Subsequent doses of 8 to 12 mg may be prescribed every 12 hours for the next one to two days.
Radiation Therapy: Most providers recommend an ondansetron dose of 8 mg taken one to two hours before the radiation therapy session.
Post-Operative Nausea: For patients undergoing an operation, providers frequently prescribe a dose of 16 mg of ondansetron taken one hour before anesthesia is induced.

Ondansetron is also frequently prescribed to treat general nausea as an off-label use (see more information below).

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.

FDA-approved uses

Ondansetron is FDA-approved to prevent chemotherapy-induced, radiation-induced, and postoperative nausea and vomiting. In chemotherapy cases, ondansetron can be used as a nausea preventative during initial and repeat cancer treatment courses.

common off-label uses

You may see Ondansetron prescribed for uses that are not “FDA-approved.” This is a very common and legal practice called “off-label” prescribing, where a doctor uses their clinical judgment to prescribe a drug for a different (but well-researched) purpose.

Common off-label uses for ondansetron currently found in medical research and practice include:

Hyperemesis Gravidarum: Ondansetron can treat dehydration and malnutrition brought on by hyperemesis gravidarum, commonly called extreme morning sickness, in cases where first-line medications have not been effective or cannot be used.
Gastroenteritis: Ondansetron can help keep fluids down to assist with IV hydration for people with gastroenteritis, or stomach flu. This off-label use is frequently employed in emergency rooms and urgent care centers.
Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome: This condition – characterized by repeated attacks of severe nausea and vomiting – can be treated with ondansetron.
Migraine-Associated Nausea: Headache specialists may prescribe ondansetron to alleviate migraine-associated nausea.

side effects

Most patients tolerate ondansetron well. Side effects are typically mild, and will resolve when the medication course is completed. These common side effects include:

Common Side Effects

Headache
Constipation
Fatigue or malaise
Dizziness
Diarrhea

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur.

Serious, less common side effects from taking ondansetron can include:

QT Prolongation: This rare condition causes the heart to take longer to recharge between beats. If untreated, QT prolongation can lead to fainting or a dangerously fast heartbeat.
Serotonin Syndrome: If ondansetron is taken with medications meant to boost serotonin levels, this can increase the risk of a condition called serotonin syndrome. Symptoms include confusion, a rapid heart rate, muscle stiffness, and tremors.
Severe Allergic Reaction: As with many medications, ondansetron can cause a severe allergic reaction in some people with symptoms including hives, a rash, and swelling of the face, lips, tongue, and throat.
Bowel Blockage: Ondansetron’s constipating effects can, in rare cases, cause a serious bowel blockage. This is especially common in people who have recently undergone abdominal surgery.
Myocardial Ischemia: Ondansetron may cause blood flow to decrease. This can lead to symptoms like chest pain.

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms.

Starting at $49.99

Ondansetron

Ondansetron is used to treat or prevent acute, severe nausea and vomiting from occurring, especially around chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery.

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pharmacist tips

Plan Ahead for Nausea: For many people, ondansetron works best as a preventative measure for nausea. This is why providers typically recommend taking ondansetron prior to chemotherapy or radiation sessions.
Stay Hydrated: Ondansetron minimizes the urge to vomit, but it does not replenish lost fluids. Sipping electrolyte-rich fluids during the day while taking ondansetron is the best way to stay hydrated.
Watch Your Regularity: Constipation can occur when taking ondansetron, especially if multi-day course treatments are involved. Keep an eye on your bowel movements and, if you become constipated, talk to your doctor about options like a stool softener.
Handle Your Dose With Care: Many ondansetron tablets come in foil packets, and they can easily break or disintegrate if you try to force them out of their packaging. For liquid doses, use the medication syringe or dose cup to ensure the right amount of medication (common spoons are not reliable measurement tools).
Watch out for Dizzy Spells: Ondansetron does not cause too much sedation, but it can induce dizziness. Avoid driving or operating heavy machinery after dosing until you have a good idea of how the medication affects your motor skills.

drug interactions

Numerous interactions between ondansetron and other drugs have been documented. The most common interactions include:

Apomorphine: This drug, which is commonly used to treat Parkinson’s disease, should never be taken with ondansetron. Doing so can cause a severe drop in blood pressure and lead to loss of consciousness.
Serotonergic Drugs: When taken with ondansetron, drugs heavy in serotonin can increase the risk of serotonin syndrome. These drugs include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors like Prozac and Zoloft, selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors like Effexor, and triptans used to treat migraines.
QT-Prolonging Drugs: This broad class of drugs includes antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin and anti-arrhythmics such as amiodarone, which affect heart rhythm. Taking these medications with ondansetron can increase the risk of heart rhythm problems.
St. John’s Wort: This common herbal supplement reduces the amount of ondansetron in your bloodstream, making ondansetron less effective.

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions.

FAQs

How long does it take for ondansetron to start working?

Most people notice the effects of oral ondansetron within 30 to 60 minutes of taking their dose. The drug takes about two hours to reach its full effects.

Does ondansetron make you sleepy?

Although its common side effects include fatigue and dizziness, ondansetron is not considered as likely to induce significant drowsiness as many other anti-nausea drugs. Excessive sleepiness while taking ondansetron may be due to an underlying condition.

Can you take ondansetron on an empty stomach?

Yes, you can take ondansetron on an empty stomach. However, taking your ondansetron dose with food may be the best way to alleviate existing nausea symptoms.

Is ondansetron safe to take during pregnancy?

Ondanetron is commonly prescribed to prevent and treat morning sickness. However, it is advised to speak with your provider, as some studies have linked ondansetron to a slightly increased risk of cleft palate if the drug is taken during the first trimester.

Does ondansetron help with motion sickness?

Standard guidelines suggest ondansetron is not effective at treating common motion sickness. For many people, motion sickness originates in the inner ear and vestibular system, which do not use the 5-HT3 receptors that ondansetron binds to.

Does ondansetron cause constipation?

Yes, ondansetron can cause constipation and this is listed as one of the drug’s most common side effects. This occurs because blocking serotonin can slow down how quickly stool moves through the body.

Can I take ondansetron with ibuprofen or Tylenol?

It is recommended to speak with your doctor before taking ibuprofen or Tylenol if you’re already taking ondansetron. That said, there are no known drug interactions between ondansetron and ibuprofen or Tylenol.

Is ondansetron a narcotic or controlled substance?

No, ondansetron is not a narcotic with potential for addiction and abuse, and has not been classified as a controlled substance. However, you still need a doctor’s prescription to obtain ondansetron.

What is the difference between ondansetron and Zofran?

There is no therapeutic difference between ondansetron and Zofran – the latter was the original brand name version of the former generic. Zofran has largely been discontinued in the U.S. and ondansetron is sold under other names.

compare medications

Compared: Ondansetron, Dolasetron, Promethazine, Scopolamine, or Diphenhydramine?

Ondansetron is a commonly prescribed medication used to prevent nausea and vomiting before it occurs. It is similar to other drugs available, including the following ondansetron alternatives:

Dolasetron: Like ondansetron, dolasetron is in the 5-HT3 agonist drug class and used to prevent nausea. However, it is prescribed less frequently due to its higher risk of inducing heart rhythm changes compared to ondansetron.
Promethazine: Promethazine is an antihistamine with heavy sedating effects, including significant “brain fog.” Ondansetron is usually preferred for patients who need to remain alert while taking their medication, but promethazine may be more effective for motion sickness or nausea originating in the inner ear.
Scopolamine: Scopolamine is frequently prescribed as a “skin patch” for treating sea sickness. This makes it more effective at treating motion-related nausea, whereas ondansetron is considered a front line option for nausea originating from chemotherapy or radiation.
Diphenhydramine: Commonly sold under the brand name Benadryl, diphenhydramine has antihistamine properties that make it effective for treating mild nausea or vomiting. It can cause heavy sedation. Ondansetron is more potent and effective for targeting nausea without the sedating effects.

Disclaimer

Prescription medications made easy with TelyRx.

What Is Imiquod Cream? Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & FAQs

by Mariah Powers February 12, 2026

written by Mariah Powers

The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Imiquimod Cream

Mariah Powers
February 12, 2026

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

Imiquimod is a topical cream in the immune response modifier drug class. It is primarily used to treat three conditions: actinic keratosis (AK), superficial basal cell carcinoma (sBCC), and external genital or perianal warts (EGW) caused by human papillomavirus (HPV).

Unlike many topicals, which provide antiviral or anti-tumor treatment, imiquimod essentially flags abnormal skin cells and the body eliminates them through natural processes. Many of the most common side effects involve local skin reactions, but serious side effects are rare.

how does Imiquimod cream work?

Imiquimod is thought to work as an agonist for Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), a group of sensors concentrated in the immune system. Imiquimod binding to TLR7 receptors triggers the release of cytokines, messengers for the immune system that act as a signaling device for white blood cells.

After receiving the signal, white blood cells converge on the site of application and work to eradicate abnormal cells. This can cause skin around the application to become red, swollen, or crusty – these are signs the medication is working as intended.

drug facts

Common Brands	Aldara, Zyclara
Drug Class	Immune Response Modifier
Generic Status	Generic version of Zyclara
Availability	Prescription Only

dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.

Imiquimod is a topical cream applied directly to the affected skin. Dosage and application schedule depends on the condition being treated, as well as patient factors like age and severity of symptoms. The most common prescribed forms of imiquimod include 5%, 2.5% and 3.75%.

Actinic Keratosis (AK): This condition, characterized as rough or scaly patches of skin brought on by overexposure to the sun, is often treated with two weekly applications of Aldara 5% for a 16-week course. Zyclara 3.75% may be prescribed once daily with an intermittent “two weeks on, two weeks off” schedule to help the body rest.
External Genital and Perianal Warts: To treat external genital and perianal warts brought on by human papillomavirus (HPV), doctors may prescribe Aldara 5% three times per week for up to 16 weeks or whenever the warts have fully cleared. Alternatively, providers may prescribe a daily application of Zyclara 3.75% for up to eight weeks.
Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma (sBCC): To treat sBCC, providers frequently prescribe a six-week Aldara 5% course consisting of five applications per week.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.

FDA-approved uses

Imiquimod topical cream is FDA-approved to treat typical, nonhypertrophic actinic keratosis on the face or scalp of immunocompetent adults. It is also FDA-approved to treat external genital and perianal warts from HPV, and to treat biopsy-confirmed sBCC on the trunk, neck, and extremities for people who are not good candidates for surgical procedures.

common off-label uses

You may see Imiquimod prescribed for uses that are not “FDA-approved.” This is a very common and legal practice called “off-label” prescribing, where a doctor uses their clinical judgment to prescribe a drug for a different (but well-researched) purpose.

Common off-label uses for imiquimod topical cream found in clinical practice and research include:

Molluscum Contagiosum: Providers may prescribe imiquimod for adults with this condition, which is characterized by small, viral bumps on the skin.
Bowen’s Disease: This early-stage form of skin cancer may be treated with imiquimod if surgery is not an option.
Common Warts: Imiquimod can treat stubborn warts on the hands and feet that have not responded to freezing or salicylic acid.
Lentigo Maligna: Imiquimod may be used to treat lentigo maligna, an early melanoma that may occur in a location that is not convenient for surgery.

side effects

Local skin response side effects are common when taking imiquimod – so common, in fact, that they’ve been dubbed the “imiquimod reaction” due to their frequency. Imiquimod reaction side effects around the application site include:

Common Side Effects

Redness and swelling
Itching and burning
Crusting and scabbing

Other side effects can include headache and flu-like symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and muscle aches.

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur.

Serious side effects of using imiquimod topical cream include:

Severe Local Inflammation: Imiquimod reaction is common, but it is advised to contact a provider if you experience deep skin ulcers, significant bleeding, or severe pain around the application site.
Difficulty Urinating: Swelling of the vulva and urinary opening can lead to pain and difficulty during urination.
Flu Symptoms: People who use imiquimod may experience a “flu response” with high fever, chills, and body aches.
Skin Color Changes: Imiquimod can cause permanent lightening or darkening of skin around the application site.
Severe Allergic Reaction: As with many types of medication, imiquimod can trigger a severe allergic reaction in some people. Hives, itchy skin, and swelling of the face, lips, tongue, and throat are among the most common symptoms of this rare reaction.

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms.

Starting at $64.99

Imiquimod Cream

Imiquimod is topical prescription indicated for the treatment of genital and perianal warts.

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pharmacist tips

Take Pre-Application Measures: It is recommended to only apply imiquimod to dry skin, as damp skin can cause irritation. Before applying the cream, it is advised to wash and dry both the application area and both hands.
A Little Goes a Long Way: You only need a thin layer of cream for the imiquimod to be effective. Simply rub the cream into your skin until it is no longer visible. For genital and perianal warts, providers generally recommend rubbing cream into the wart without doing so on the surrounding skin.
Avoid Bandages: It is not advised to cover the application site with a bandage, even if a local skin response occurs. Bandages can trap medication and cause severe burns. Loose gauze is generally seen as the most acceptable covering.
Stay Hygienic: Wash your hands thoroughly after each application. This helps ensure the cream never enters your eyes, nose, or mouth.
Practice Sun Protection: Since imiquimod can cause sun sensitivity, protective layers and high-SPF sunscreen on the treated area are advised when you go outside.
Discard Cream Packets: Throw away used imiquimod packets. Some cream may remain inside the packet, but it will quickly lose its preservatives and effectiveness. It is recommended to open a new packet for each application.

drug interactions

Barrier Contraceptives: Imiquimod can weaken the effectiveness of condoms, diaphragms, and other types of barrier contraceptives. This can increase the risk of both pregnancy and transmission of genital warts.

The body quickly absorbs imiquimod, so “pill-to-pill” interactions are not common, but local interactions may still occur.

Immunosuppressants: Oral steroids, chemotherapy, and other immunosuppressant drugs that lower the immune system may decrease the effectiveness of imiquimod.
Other Topicals: Medical creams and exfoliants can worsen irritation – sometimes to dangerous levels – if applied to the same spot where imiquimod has been used.

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions.

FAQs

Why does my skin look worse after starting imiquimod?

Imiquimod triggers an immune response that causes inflammation around the application site. This is a sign the medication is working properly, but the inflammation can cause reddening, scabbing, and crusting.

How long should I leave imiquimod on my skin before washing it off?

Standard guidelines for using imiquimod recommend leaving the cream on for about eight hours before washing it off. Many people apply the cream at bedtime and leave it on overnight. If treating genital warts, providers may recommend leaving the cream on for six to 10 hours. Leaving the cream on longer than prescribed can cause the skin to break down without treating the condition.

Can I have sex while using imiquimod?

Most providers recommend abstaining from sex while the cream is on the skin. This not only prevents the partner’s skin from becoming irritated, but also because imiquimod compromises the effectiveness of barrier contraceptives like condoms and diaphragms. It is generally advised to avoid sexual contact until the cream has been removed.

Does imiquimod kill the virus (HPV) or just the warts?

Imiquimod does not directly kill viruses. Rather, the medication signals to your body that abnormal cells are present in the skin and natural processes in the immune system are used to eradicate the abnormal cells. HPV may continue to reside in skin peripheral to the original application site, so new warts may appear during treatment.

Is it normal to have a fever while using imiquimod?

Many people experience a flu response after taking imiquimod, with a fever being one of the most common flu response symptoms. If the fever exceeds 101 degrees or is accompanied by chills, it is advised to contact your doctor immediately.

Can I use imiquimod on my face for actinic keratosis?

Yes, imiquimod is FDA-approved to treat actinic keratosis (AK) on the face and is one of the most frequently prescribed medications for doing so. Use the topical cream to treat AKs as directed by your healthcare provider.

Is imiquimod safe to use during pregnancy?

Research is limited on whether imiquimod is safe to use during pregnancy, but many providers encourage pregnant patients to explore other medication options first.

Does imiquimod weaken condoms or diaphragms?

Yes, chemicals in imiquimod topical cream can weaken and destabilize the latex used in condoms and diaphragms. This makes the barrier contraceptives prone to tearing and increases the risk of pregnancy and STD transmission.

Can I go out in the sun while using imiquimod?

Yes, you can go out in the sun while using imiquimod, but the medication causes sunlight sensitivity and extra precautions are strongly recommended. Protective clothing and high-SPF sunscreen can be effective guardrails. If you apply imiquimod to your scalp or face, a wide-brimmed hat is also advised.

Should I cover the treated area with a bandage?

No, it is not recommended to use a bandage to cover an area treated with imiquimod topical cream. Covering can increase how much of the drug is absorbed in the bloodstream and exacerbate swelling and other local skin reactions. Most doctors recommend leaving the area uncovered after applying the topical cream.

Can you put makeup over Imiquimod?

No, it is not advised to wear makeup over imiquimod that has been recently applied and is still actively “working.” Makeup can interfere with the cream’s effectiveness. It is recommended to only put on makeup after the cream has been applied, worn for about eight hours, and washed off.

compare medications

Compared: Imiquimod, Podophyllotoxin, or Diclofenac?

Imiquimod topical cream is an immune response modifier that helps the body identify and eliminate abnormal skin cells. Below, we’ll look at two imiquimod alternatives:

Podophyllotoxin: Podophyllotoxin is used to treat genital warts by acting as a cytotoxic agent that kills warts directly. It acts quickly and can clear warts in a matter of weeks, but imiquimod has a lower recurrence rate because it helps the body identify abnormal skin cells.
Diclofenac: Diclofenac is a topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat actinic keratosis. Its side effects are mild compared to imiquimod’s and generally do not produce as much redness or crusting. However, diclofenac schedules tend to be significantly longer and the drug may not be as effective as imiquimod for treating advanced or stubborn precancerous lesions.

Disclaimer

Prescription medications made easy with TelyRx.

What Is Furosemide? Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & FAQs

by Mariah Powers February 12, 2026

written by Mariah Powers

The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Furosemide

Mariah Powers
February 12, 2026

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

Furosemide, sold under the brand name Lasix and often referred to simply as a “water pill,” is a loop diuretic that is prescribed to help the body pass salt and excess fluid through the urine. The drug’s mechanism is medically essential for people with edema, a condition characterized by abnormal fluid buildup in the body’s tissues.

Furosemide can also be used to manage hypertension, or high blood pressure. The most common side effects can cause pain and discomfort when treatment begins, but most taper off after a few weeks.

how does Furosemide work?

Furosemide is considered a “loop” diuretic because it targets the Loop of Henle, a small section of the nephrons in kidneys that determine whether a substance is kept in the body or excreted as waste. The Loop of Henle is responsible for reabsorbing sodium, potassium, and water.

Furosemide blocks sodium, potassium, and chloride from being reabsorbed into kidney tubes, increasing urine output in the process. It also uses osmotic pressure to remove extra salt, which can stubbornly remain inside the kidney tubes. As water follows salt, more urine is produced in the body.

drug facts

Common Brands	Lasix
Drug Class	Loop Diuretic
Generic Status	Generic version of Lasix
Availability	Prescription Only

dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.

Doctors prescribe furosemide based on medical condition, severity of symptoms, and the patient’s age, among other factors. Dosage for the drug is typically as follows:

Edema: For adults with edema, most providers prescribe an initial dose of 20 milligrams (mg) to 80 mg. Patients may take the tablet once or twice daily, and specific dosage depends on how much fluid their body is retaining.
Hypertension: Providers generally start hypertension patients at 40 mg of furosemide twice a day. This dosage may be adjusted with the results of subsequent blood screenings.
Fluid Maintenance: After initial treatment, also known as the dry weight phase when excess fluid is removed from the body, doctors may prescribe furosemide at a reduced dose to maintain healthy fluid levels.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.

FDA-approved uses

Furosemide is FDA-approved to treat edema associated with congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, and renal disease. It is also FDA-approved as a standalone treatment or in combination with other drugs to treat hypertension.

common off-label uses

You may see furosemide prescribed for uses that are not “FDA-approved.” This is a very common and legal practice called “off-label” prescribing, where a doctor uses their clinical judgment to prescribe a drug for a different (but well-researched) purpose.

Common off-label uses for furosemide found in clinical practice and research include:

Hypercalcemia: Doctors may prescribe a high-dose course of furosemide to treat hypercalcemia, which is characterized by an excessively high concentration of calcium in the blood. Furosemide helps the body excrete the excess calcium and maintain healthy levels in the bloodstream.
Hypermagnesemia: As with hypercalcemia, furosemide can help the body excrete excess levels of magnesium in the blood and maintain healthy levels.
Acute Kidney Injury: Doctors and nurses may use furosemide in hospital or clinical settings to maintain healthy urine output when treating patients with certain types of kidney stress.

side effects

People often experience side effects during their first few weeks of furosemide treatment. Many of the most common side effects occur due to the drug’s water-clearing mechanisms, and include:

Common Side Effects

Increased urination
Dizziness and lightheadedness
Headache
Sensitivity to sunlight
Constipation, diarrhea, and stomach cramps

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur.

Serious side effects of taking furosemide are rare, but may include:

Dehydration: Loop diuretics like furosemide flush water and minerals out of the body, and this can cause dangerously low magnesium, potassium, and sodium levels. Extreme thirst, muscle cramps, and a heart flutter are some of the most common symptoms of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.
Ototoxicity: High-dose furosemide treatments can lead to a ringing in the ears or hearing loss.
Skin Reaction: While rare, people can develop a severe rash or blisters after taking furosemide.
Kidney Strain: Although furosemide is used in part to help maintain healthy fluid levels in the kidneys, the increased production and excretion of urine can strain the kidneys and cause renal injury.

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms.

Starting at $24.99

Furosemide

Furosemide is a medication used to reduce fluid retention in the body and can help lower blood pressure.

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pharmacist tips

Plan a Morning Dose: It is recommended to take your single dose of furosemide in the morning, or to take daily doses in the morning and afternoon, as taking it in the evening can interrupt sleep due to increased need for urination.
Take a Minute Standing Up: If you take furosemide, your blood pressure may drop quickly in response to standing up. It is advised to rise slowly to reduce your risk of falling or stumbling.
Keep an Eye on the Scale: Your provider may recommend weighing yourself at least once per day, as sudden gains in weight – up to 3 pounds in a day – may indicate the dosage needs to be adjusted.
Use Sun Protection: Furosemide increases your sensitivity to sunlight and can make you more susceptible to severe sunburn, so high-SPF sunscreen and protective layers can safeguard your skin when you’re outside.
Watch Potassium Levels: Furosemide is designed to help flush excess potassium from the body, but this can decrease potassium levels too much. If this happens, it is recommended to talk to your provider about potassium-rich foods like bananas and spinach that can be integrated into your diet.

drug interactions

Since furosemide is active in the kidneys, it may interact with other drugs. These include:

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): NSAIDs like ibuprofen and naproxen can reduce the effectiveness of furosemide and contribute to a higher risk of kidney damage.
Digoxin: Furosemide can cause potassium levels that increase the toxicity potential for digoxin, a foxglove-derived drug primarily used to treat heart failure and atrial fibrillation.
Lithium: Furosemide can prevent the kidneys from flushing out lithium, a mood-stabilizing medication primarily used to treat bipolar disorder, and lead to dangerously high levels.
Antibiotics: Combining furosemide with certain antibiotics like gentamicin can increase the risk of hearing loss.
Corticosteroids: Furosemide and other diuretics reduce potassium levels, and taking corticosteroids can exacerbate this effect and deplete potassium levels.

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions.

FAQs

Why does furosemide make me urinate so much?

Furosemide blocks the reabsorption of salt and water in the kidneys by redirecting them to your bladder. This causes an increase in urine output, which allows your body to remove excess salt and fluid to reduce swelling.

What is the best time of day to take furosemide?

If you’ve been prescribed a single daily dose of furosemide, it is advised to take your tablet in the morning. Since the medication’s effects can last up to eight hours, a morning dose helps ensure that the increased need to urinate won’t impact sleep. People with two daily doses can take them in the morning and early afternoon to achieve the same objective.

Do I need to eat more potassium foods while taking furosemide?

Your provider may recommend increasing your potassium intake in order to counteract the furosemide. Too much potassium can also have adverse health effects, so be sure to follow your doctor’s dietary instructions for maintaining healthy potassium levels.

Can I drink alcohol while taking furosemide?

It is advised to limit alcohol consumption while taking furosemide. Alcohol lowers blood pressure and has a diuretic effect of its own, so drinking while taking furosemide can cause severe dizziness, fainting, and dehydration.

How fast does furosemide work?

Results vary, but the kidneys generally begin producing more urine within an hour of taking the furosemide dose.

Can furosemide cause ringing in the ears?

Yes, furosemide can cause ringing in the ears. This side effect, known as ototoxicity, typically occurs when patients have taken a high dose of the medication. People who notice a loud ringing or roaring in their ears should contact their doctor immediately.

Is furosemide the same thing as Lasix?

Yes, Lasix is the brand name of furosemide.

Does furosemide cause weight loss?

Furosemide causes the body to shed “water weight” but it does not reduce body fat. People who take furosemide may notice fluctuations in their weight due to this fluid buildup leaving their body.

Why do I feel dizzy when I stand up while taking furosemide?

While taking furosemide, you may feel dizzy standing up because the medication causes a drop in blood pressure as your fluid levels change. This is a common side effect, especially for people beginning their treatment.

Can furosemide raise my blood sugar levels?

Loop diuretics like furosemide may interfere with glucose tolerance. Patients with diabetes are advised to closely monitor their blood sugar levels while taking furosemide, and to contact their doctor if noticeable changes occur.

Can furosemide cause gout flare ups?

Yes, furosemide can cause gout to flare up because the medication can cause the kidneys to retain – rather than excrete – uric acid. A high uric acid level is a common gout trigger.

compare medications

Compared: Furosemide, Torsemide, Hydrochlorothiazide, or Spironolactone?

Many people take furosemide as a water pill, but this is not the only option for diuretic medication. Common furosemide alternatives include the following:

Torsemide: Like furosemide, torsemide is a loop diuretic, but its potency is stronger and its duration of action is longer. For some people with conditions like severe heart failure that cause swelling in the gut, torsemide may be more effective than less potent alternatives.
Hydrochlorothiazide: This drug, HCTZ for short, is a thiazide diuretic that targets a different area of the nephron. HCTZ is considered first-line treatment for hypertension, but furosemide is prescribed more frequently for edema-related swelling.
Spironolactone: This potassium-bearing diuretic helps your body retain more potassium. Providers often prescribe furosemide and spironolactone together, with the former flushing out excess potassium and the latter storing extra potassium to maintain balanced levels.

Disclaimer

Prescription medications made easy with TelyRx.

What Is Albendazole? Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & FAQs

by Mariah Powers February 12, 2026

written by Mariah Powers

The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Albendazole

Mariah Powers
February 12, 2026

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

Albendazole is a prescription medication that is used to treat infections caused by various worms and parasites that can inhabit the body, including tapeworm, hookworm, and pinworm.

Albendazole is available in tablet and liquid form. Common side effects include headache, elevated liver enzymes, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever.

how does albendazole work?

Albendazole works by preventing parasites from absorbing glucose (sugar). Parasites rely on glucose for energy to survive and reproduce. Without the necessary energy, the parasite is unable to survive and eventually dies.

drug facts

Common Brands	Albenza
Drug Class	Benzimidazole anthelmintic
Generic Status	Generic version of Albenza
Availability	Prescription Only

dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.

Dosing for albendazole depends on the person’s body weight and the type of infection being treated.

Tapeworm Infections – For individuals weighing 60 kg (132 lbs) or more, the recommended dose is usually 400 mg taken by mouth twice daily with meals. For those weighing less than 60 kg, providers can calculate the dose based on body weight (15 mg/kg per day), which is then split into two doses and taken twice daily with meals. Treatment duration can vary. For infections affecting the brain, a period of 8–30 days is recommended. For cysts in other organs, treatment may run in 28-day cycles, followed by 2 weeks off, for a total of 3 cycles.
Pinworm Infections – A single dose of 400 mg may be recommended for pinworms, taken by mouth with a high-fat meal. Because pinworm eggs can easily spread and reinfect the host or family members, this dose is typically repeated in two weeks to ensure the infection is fully cleared. It is often recommended to treat the entire household simultaneously to prevent the spread of eggs among family members.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.

FDA-approved uses

Albendazole is FDA-approved to treat parasitic infections caused by tapeworms. These include:

Hydatid Disease (tapeworm infections that cause cysts in body organs, such as the liver or lungs)
Neurocysticercosis (tapeworm infections that affect the brain)

common off-label uses

You may see albendazole prescribed for uses that are not “FDA-approved.” This is a very common and legal practice called “off-label” prescribing, where a doctor uses their clinical judgment to prescribe a drug for a different (but well-researched) purpose.

Albendazole may be prescribed “off-label” for infections caused by pinworms, hookworms, and roundworms.

side effects

Like all medications, albendazole can cause side effects. Common side effects may improve as your body adjusts to the medication, but others can be serious and may require medical attention.

Common Side Effects

Abnormal liver blood test results
Stomach pain
Nausea
Vomiting
Headache
Temporary hair loss
Dizziness or vertigo
Fever
Signs of meningitis (stiff neck, fever, headache)

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur. Stop using albendazole and call your doctor immediately if you experience:

Bone Marrow Suppression – This medication can lower the number of blood cells (red, white, and platelets), leading to symptoms like tiredness, pale skin, frequent fevers or infection, and unexplained bruising or bleeding. This can be life-threatening and requires regular blood monitoring.
Liver Damage – Serious liver injury (hepatotoxicity) can manifest as severe stomach pain, persistent nausea or vomiting, dark urine, pale stools, or yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice).
Neurological Reactions (Seizures/Intracranial Pressure) – Dying parasites can increase pressure around the brain, leading to seizures, severe headaches, and vision changes.
Vision Damage – Sometimes, tapeworm infections can affect the eye, causing damage to the retina and potential vision loss.
Severe Allergic Reactions – Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat; difficulty breathing or swallowing; severe rash or itching; fever.

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms.

Starting at $79.99

Albendazole

Albendazole is used to treat infections caused by parasites, such as pinworm, hookworm, roundworm, and tapeworm.

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pharmacist tips

Take with Food – It is highly recommended to take albendazole with food, ideally a fatty meal, to help the body absorb the drug.
Swallow the Tablet – Albendazole tablets should be swallowed whole with water. If you have difficulty swallowing pills, the tablet can be crushed or chewed and swallowed with a drink of water.
Do Not Stop Early – Even if symptoms improve, it is vital to complete the full course of treatment. Stopping early may result in the infection not fully clearing.
Avoid Grapefruit – Grapefruit and grapefruit juice should generally be avoided while taking albendazole.
Missed Doses – If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember unless it is almost time for the next dose. Never take two doses at once to make up for a missed one.
Pregnancy Precautions – Albendazole is generally not recommended during pregnancy as animal studies have shown potential harm to the unborn baby. A pregnancy test may be required before starting. It is advised to use birth control during treatment and for at least 3 days after the final dose.

drug interactions

Albendazole may interact with other medications, potentially affecting how they work or increasing the risk of side effects. These include:

Dexamethasone – A corticosteroid used for inflammation.
Praziquantel – A medication used for worm infections.
Cimetidine (Tagamet HB) – A medicine used for heartburn.
Theophylline – A medicine used for asthma and other respiratory conditions.
Alcohol – Both albendazole and alcohol can affect the liver, and combining them may increase the risk of liver damage.

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions.

FAQs

Why do I need to take albendazole with a fatty meal?

Taking Albendazole with a fatty meal helps your body absorb the medication much better than taking it on an empty stomach.

How long does it take for albendazole to kill pinworms?

Clinical guidelines for pinworm treatment often recommend a second dose two weeks after the first. This spacing helps ensure that any eggs that may have hatched after the initial dose are also eliminated.

Do I need to take a second dose of albendazole?

It depends on what you are treating. For pinworm infections, a second dose is typically taken two weeks after the first dose. For other tapeworm infections, the medication is taken daily for weeks or months, sometimes in repeated cycles. Always follow your provider’s instructions.

What is the difference between albendazole and mebendazole?

Both medications are in the same family of drugs known as benzimidazole anthelmintics. They work in a similar way, by interfering with the parasite’s ability to absorb sugar (glucose) and essentially starving the worm of the energy it needs to survive. Dosing regimens and specific FDA-approved indications may differ between the two.

Does albendazole kill the eggs of the parasite?

Albendazole works by preventing the parasite from absorbing sugar, causing it to lose energy and die. In the context of pinworms, the entire household is often treated because eggs are easily spread and can cause reinfection.

Can albendazole cause hair loss?

Yes, reversible thinning or loss of hair has been reported as a side effect of Albendazole.

What are the signs of an allergic reaction to albendazole?

Signs of a serious allergic reaction include swelling of the face, lips, mouth, tongue, or throat; trouble swallowing or breathing; wheezing; racing heart; fever; and skin reactions like rash, itching, or hives.

Does albendazole affect your liver?

Yes, Albendazole can affect liver health. It frequently causes mild changes in liver blood tests (enzymes). In rare cases, it can cause serious liver damage or failure. Your provider may order blood tests to monitor your liver function during treatment.

What should I do if I miss a dose of albendazole?

If you miss a dose of albendazole, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take double doses or extra doses to make up for the missed one.

Can I buy albendazole over-the-counter?

No. In the United States, albendazole is not available over-the-counter and requires a prescription from a healthcare provider.

compare medications

Compared: Albendazole, Mebendazole, or Ivermectin?

Mebendazole – A medication in the same drug class as albendazole that’s prescribed to treat pinworm, whipworm, roundworm, and hookworm infections.
Ivermectin – Another medication in the same drug class that’s prescribed to treat river blindness and worm infections, including those caused by threadworm. Ivermectin is also commonly used for lice and scabies.

Disclaimer

Prescription medications made easy with TelyRx.

What Is Doxycycline Hyclate? Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & FAQs

by Mariah Powers February 6, 2026

written by Mariah Powers

The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Doxycycline Hyclate

Mariah Powers
February 6, 2026

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

Doxycycline hyclate is a prescription antibiotic used to prevent malaria and treat a wide array of infections caused by bacteria, including Sexually-transmitted infections (STIs) like chlamydia,, chancroid, and syphilis, respiratory tract infections, such as bronchitis and pneumonia urinary tract infections (UTIs), severe acne, eye infections, and more.

Doxycycline hyclate is available in several forms, including capsules, tablets, delayed-release tablets, and liquid syrups, making it accessible for patients with varying needs.

How Does Doxycycline Hyclate Work?

Doxycycline hyclate works to treat bacterial infections by stopping the growth and spread of bacteria within the body. It blocks bacteria from creating the proteins it needs to reproduce and multiply.

Researchers don’t know exactly how doxycycline hyclate prevents malaria, but it seems to have similar effects on the parasite that causes malaria.

Drug Facts

Common Brands	Acticlate, Monodox, Doryx, Doryx MPC, Targadox, Vibramycin
Drug Class	Tetracycline antibiotic
Generic Status	Generic for Vibramycin
Availability	Prescription Only

Dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.

The dosage of doxycycline hyclate depends on the condition being treated, the severity of the infection, and the person’s weight.

Bacterial Infections – For most infections, the typical adult dose is 100 mg taken by mouth once or twice daily for 7–10 days. Depending on the infection, your healthcare provider may prescribe doxycycline hyclate for up to 4 weeks.
Malaria Prevention – When used to prevent malaria, the typical dose is 100 mg once daily. Treatment typically begins 1–2 days before travel, continues daily during the stay, and lasts for 4 weeks after leaving the area.

A note on Delayed-Release Tablets (Doryx, Doryx MPC) – Delayed-release formulations allow the medication to dissolve more slowly in your body over time. They have specific dosing and should not be interchanged with regular-release formulations once treatment has begun.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.

FDA-Approved Uses

Doxycycline hyclate is FDA-approved to prevent malaria and treat infections such as:

Rickettsial infections
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
Respiratory tract infections
Bacterial infections such as plague and cholera
Eye infections
Anthrax
Certain infections when penicillin can’t be used instead

It is also FDA-approved to be a complementary therapy for severe acne and acute intestinalamebiasis, a type of gut infection caused by a parasite.

Common Off-Label Uses

You may see doxycycline hyclate prescribed for uses that are not “FDA-approved.” This is a very common and legal practice called “off-label” prescribing, where a doctor uses their clinical judgment to prescribe a drug for a different (but well-researched) purpose.

Doxycycline hyclate may be prescribed “off-label” for rosacea.

Side Effects

Like all medications, doxycycline hyclate can cause side effects. Most side effects improve as your body adjusts to the medication, but others can be serious and may require medical attention.

Common Side Effects

Loss of appetite
Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Rash
Hives
Photosensitivity – Doxycycline hyclate can make your skin more sensitive to sunlight, increasing the risk of sunburn.

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur. Stop using doxycycline hyclate and call your doctor immediately if you experience:

Severe Allergic Reactions – Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat; difficulty breathing; severe rash or itching; fever; dark-colored urine; yellowing of the skin or eyes.
Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea (C. diff) – Severe, watery, or bloody diarrhea accompanied by stomach cramps and fever, which can occur even after stopping the drug.
Severe Skin Reactions – Painful red or purple rash, blister, or peeling skin; painful, red, or watery eyes.
Intracranial Hypertension – Increased pressure around the brain, which can cause symptoms like severe headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, blurred or double vision, or vision loss.
Blood Disorders – Hemolytic anemia or low platelet levels, which can cause symptoms like easy bruising or bleeding, unusual tiredness, shortness of breath, pale skin, fever, headache, abnormal heartbeat, or lightheadedness.
Esophageal Damage: Irritation or ulcers in the esophagus (food pipe) can occur if the pill is taken right before lying down or without enough water to wash it down.

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms.

Starting at $19.99 per bottle

Doxycycline Hyclate

Doxycycline is an oral treatment for chlamydia. Chlamydia and gonorrhea are often contracted together, making this treatment a potential solution for both.

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Pharmacist Tips

Protect Your Esophagus – Take every dose with a full glass of water to ensure the pill reaches your stomach. Do not lie down for at least 30 minutes after taking it to prevent irritation and ulcers in the esophagus.
Avoid the Sun – This medication increases sensitivity to UV light. Wear protective clothing, hats, and sunscreen, and avoid tanning beds to prevent severe sunburn.
Be Cautious With Calcium – Calcium can block the absorption of doxycycline. Avoid having dairy products like milk, yogurt, or calcium-fortified foods at the same time as your dose.
Timing Antacids – Antacids containing aluminum, calcium, magnesium, or iron supplements should be taken at a different time than doxycycline hyclate. Doxycycline hyclate may be taken 2 hours before or 6 hours after antacids.
Finish the Course – Even if you feel better, complete the full prescribed amount. Stopping doxycycline hyclate early can allow the infection to return and become resistant to antibiotics.
Delayed-Release Tablets – If you are prescribed Doryx or Doryx MPC, do not crush or chew the tablets. You may carefully break them and sprinkle the pellets onto cold applesauce, but they must be swallowed immediately without chewing.
Avoid if Pregnant or Breastfeeding – Doxycycline hyclate should not be taken if you are pregnant or breastfeeding as it may harm the fetus.

Drug Interactions

Doxycycline hyclate interacts with several other substances, which may alter its effectiveness or increase side effects.

Antacids and Supplements – Products containing aluminum, calcium, magnesium, iron, and zinc can prevent doxycycline hyclate from being absorbed by the body.
Blood Thinners – Doxycycline hyclate can interact with anticoagulants like warfarin (Coumadin), potentially raising the risk of bleeding. Your provider may need to adjust your blood thinner dosage.
Oral Retinoids – Combining doxycycline hyclate with isotretinoin (Accutane) increases the risk of intracranial hypertension (high brain pressure).
Birth Control Pills – Antibiotics like doxycycline hyclate may reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives. It is advisable to use an additional form of barrier birth control, such as condoms, during treatment.
Seizure Medications – Drugs like barbiturates, carbamazepine, and phenytoin can speed up the metabolism of doxycycline.
Penicillin – Doxycycline should not be used with penicillin.

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions.

FAQs

Why can’t I lie down immediately after taking doxycycline?

Lying down too soon can cause the medication to remain in the esophagus (the “food pipe”) rather than moving into the stomach. This can lead to irritation, burning sensations, and even ulcers in the esophagus. It is best to stay upright for at least 30 minutes after a dose.

How long do I need to wait to eat dairy products after taking doxycycline?

Dairy products contain calcium, which binds to doxycycline hyclate and prevents it from being absorbed. It’s recommended to avoid eating dairy or calcium-fortified foods at the same time as your dose.

Does doxycycline make your skin sensitive to the sun?

Yes, doxycycline causes photosensitivity. Exposure to sunlight or tanning beds can lead to severe sunburns, blistering, or swelling. Always use sunscreen and wear protective clothing when outdoors.

Can I drink alcohol while taking doxycycline?

While the manufacturer does not explicitly warn against a direct interaction, alcohol may worsen common side effects of doxycycline hyclate like stomach upset and nausea.

What is the difference between doxycycline hyclate and doxycycline monohydrate?

These are two different salt forms of the same active ingredient. Both are antibiotics that fight infections, but the chemical difference (“hyclate” vs. “monohydrate”) may affect how quickly they dissolve.

Does doxycycline treat acne?

Yes, doxycycline may be used to treat severe acne. It works by reducing the bacteria associated with acne and decreasing inflammation.

How long does it take for doxycycline to cure chlamydia?

For chlamydia, the standard treatment course is 7 days. It is critical to finish the entire course to ensure the infection is fully eradicated, even if symptoms disappear earlier.

What should I do if I miss a dose of doxycycline?

If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed one and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take double doses to catch up.

Does doxycycline treat viral infections like the flu?

No, doxycycline is an antibiotic and is only prescribed for bacterial and parasitic infections. It will not treat viral infections such as the common cold or flu.

Can I take doxycycline if I am allergic to penicillin?

Yes, doxycycline is a tetracycline antibiotic, not a penicillin. It is often considered a good alternative for treating infections in patients who have penicillin allergies.

Why does doxycycline cause nausea?

Nausea is a common side effect often caused by the medication irritating the stomach lining.

Compare Medications

Compared: Doxycycline Hyclate, Minocycline, Amoxicillin, Azithromycin (Z-Pak), or Bactrim (Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim)?

Minocycline – A generic tetracycline antibiotic prescribed for acne, STIs, UTIs, and bacterial infections, similar to doxycycline hyclate.

Amoxicillin – A penicillin antibiotic that is prescribed for bacterial infections.

Azithromycin (Z-Pak) – A macrolide antibiotic that is prescribed for bacterial infections.
Bactrim (Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim) – A combination antibiotic that is prescribed for bacterial infections and pneumonia.

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What Is Valacyclovir? Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & FAQs

by Mariah Powers February 6, 2026

written by Mariah Powers

The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Valacyclovir

Mariah Powers
February 6, 2026

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

Valacyclovir is an antiviral drug primarily used to treat infections caused by Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) and Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV), such as oral and genital herpes, shingles, and chickenpox. Taken as a tablet, valacyclovir targets viral cells and renders them unable to replicate its DNA.

Valacyclovir is commonly sold under the brand name Valtrex. A mild to moderate headache is the most common side effect of taking the drug, but serious side effects are rare.

How Does Valacyclovir Work?

Valacyclovir is a “prodrug,” meaning it remains inactive in the body after being ingested and absorbed until a bodily process converts it to active. The bodily process in this case is the liver converting valacyclovir into acyclovir. Viral thymidine kinase, an enzyme produced by the virus, activates the acyclovir.

The active acyclovir essentially mimics viral DNA and tricks the virus into incorporating the drug into its own DNA. The acyclovir’s DNA chain is defective by design, so the virus is unable to create new DNA strands and cannot replicate itself.

By stopping the virus’s progress, the immune system can quickly clear the infection, heal sores, and reduce pain.

Drug Facts

Common Brands	Valtrex
Drug Class	Antiviral (DNA Polymerase Inhibitor)
Generic Status	Generic version available
Availability	Prescription Only

Dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.

Valacyclovir dosing depends on the nature of the infection, as well as the patient’s age and kidney function. For adults with preexisting renal conditions, providers may adjust the frequency and strength of dose.

Herpes Labialis: For herpes labialis, commonly known as cold sores, adults and adolescents are typically prescribed a high-intensity treatment with two 2-gram doses administered every 12 hours over the course of a single day.

Genital Herpes (Initial): For treating an initial outbreak of genital herpes, when symptoms are often most severe, providers usually prescribe 1 gram of valacyclovir twice daily for 10 days.

Genital Herpes (Recurring): Subsequent genital herpes outbreaks after the initial onset are frequently treated with 500 milligrams (mg) of valacyclovir twice daily for three days.

Genital Herpes (Suppressive Therapy): To help lower the frequency rate of recurrent genital herpes, providers may prescribe one daily dose of 500 mg to 1 gram of valacyclovir.

Herpes Zoster: Commonly known as shingles, herpes zoster is often treated with 1 gram of valacyclovir taken three times a day for seven days.

Varicella: Valacyclovir to treat varicella, or chickenpox, is typically prescribed based on the child’s weight. Dosing frequency also varies.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.

FDA-Approved Uses

Valacyclovir is FDA-approved to treat shingles, cold sores, and chickenpox. It is also FDA-approved to treat active outbreaks of genital herpes and suppress the infection for people with recurrent cases. Valacyclovir can also reduce the risk of herpes transmission to sexual partners.

Common Off-Label Uses

You may see (medication) prescribed for uses that are not “FDA-approved.” This is a very common and legal practice called “off-label” prescribing, where a doctor uses their clinical judgment to prescribe a drug for a different (but well-researched) purpose.

Common off-label uses for valacyclovir found in clinical practice and research include:

Prevention of Cytomegalovirus (CMV): Valacyclovir is often used to help stave off CMV, a viral infection that commonly affects recipients of organ transplants and other people with weakened immune systems.
Prevention of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV): For immunocompromised patients, including those undergoing chemotherapy or living with advanced HIV, valacyclovir may be prescribed to prevent HSV infection.
Erythema Multiforme: This condition, which can cause visible rings and lesions on the skin and mucus membranes, is often triggered by an underlying HSV infection. Valacyclovir can be prescribed to manage symptoms in these cases.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects

The most common side effects of taking valacyclovir are mild and temporary, and most people tolerate their medication well. That said, pain and discomfort may occur. Common side effects include:

Headache
Nausea
Abdominal pain
Dizziness
Fatigue
Sensitivity to sunlight

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur.

Kidney Impairment: Valacyclovir is processed in the kidneys, so it can cause crystals to form in the renal tubules. Dehydrated patients are considered especially high-risk for kidney impairment. Decrease in urination and swelling in the lower extremities are the most common symptoms.
Central Nervous System Effects: In rare cases for certain people, including older adults and those with preexisting kidney issues, taking valacyclovir can lead to confusion, agitation, hallucinations, and bodily tremors.
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura/Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: TTP/HUS for short, these life-threatening blood disorders cause clots that can lead to red blood cell destruction and organ damage. This can occur for severely immunocompromised patients who take high doses of valacyclovir.
Severe Allergic Reaction: As with a wide range of medications, taking valacyclovir can trigger a severe allergic reaction for certain patients. Key symptoms include hives, red skin, and swelling of the face, lips, tongue, and throat.

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms.

Starting at $29.99 per bottle

Valacyclovir

Valacyclovir is used for the treatment and prevention of the herpes simplex virus (HSV), including oral herpes (HSV-1) and genital herpes (HSV-2).

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Pharmacist Tips

Begin Treatment ASAP: Valacyclovir tends to be most effective during the prodome stage, when the outbreak is first detected. Prodome symptoms include soreness and tingling that occur before the infection appears.

Stay Hydrated: It is advised to drink plenty of water during valacyclovir treatment. This drug is processed in the kidneys, and dehydration can lower the risk of renal complications.

Create a Consistent Routine: For the most effective results, it is recommended to take your valacyclovir dose at the same time or times each day. This helps ensure a steady balance of the medication in your bloodstream at all times.

Watch out for Sun Exposure: While rare, some people report sensitivity to sunlight while taking valacyclovir. If this occurs, it is advised to follow standard sun protection guidelines with layers and sunscreen.

Complete the Drug Course: It is strongly recommended to finish your full valacyclovir course, even if symptoms completely disappear before the course is complete. Taking the full prescription helps ensure the virus is sufficiently suppressed.

Drug Interactions

A small number of drug interactions with valacyclovir have been observed. These include:

Kidney-Stressing Drugs: Medications that put stress on the kidneys can already strain the kidneys, and taking valacyclovir can further increase the risk of renal injury. These medications include ibuprofen, naproxen, and other NSAIDs, as well as certain antibiotics and chemotherapy drugs.
Cimetidine and Probenecid: These drugscan interfere with the body’s ability to clear valacyclovir and increase concentrations of the drug in the patient’s bloodstream.
Vaccines: Valacyclovir can interact with live vaccines, especially the shingles and chickenpox vaccines. Most providers recommend stopping antivirals 24 hours before and 14 days after receiving the vaccine.

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions.

FAQs

How quickly does valacyclovir work?

Patients generally notice their symptoms improving within 24 to 38 hours of taking valacyclovir. For long-term treatment, cold sores typically need a few days to clear up, while shingles or an initial genital herpes outbreak can persist for up to 10 days after the patient takes the medication.

Does valacyclovir stop you from spreading herpes to a partner?

No, valacyclovir does not completely prevent a person from spreading herpes to their partner, but it significantly reduces the risk of transmission. Providers usually encourage use of condoms and avoiding sexual contact for maximum protection during outbreaks.

What is the difference between valacyclovir and acyclovir?

The main difference between valacyclovir and acyclovir is bioavailability, or the degree to which a substance is absorbed within the body. Based on numerous studies, valacyclovir has better bioavailability than acyclovir and does not require as much dosing to maintain healthy medication levels in the bloodstream.

Does valacyclovir cure herpes or shingles?

No, valacyclovir does not cure herpes or shingles. These viral infections do not currently have a cure, and viral cells remain dormant in the body even after drug treatment has concluded. Valacyclovir helps manage symptoms, expedite the healing process, reduce the frequency of outbreaks, and lower the risk of transmission to partners.

Is valacyclovir safe to take during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

Research suggests valacyclovir does not significantly increase the risk of birth defects, but it does pass into breast milk. Pregnant patients should discuss options with their provider, as valacyclovir is frequently prescribed during late pregnancy to minimize the risk of outbreak during delivery.

What happens if I miss a dose of valacyclovir?

If patients miss a dose of valacyclovir, it is advised to take the dose as soon as they remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose. It is not advised to double the dose to “catch up” from missing an earlier one.

Does valacyclovir work for chickenpox in adults?

Yes, valacyclovir is often used as off-label treatment for adults with chickenpox. Beginning a valacyclovir course as soon as the first spots appear can greatly reduce the severity of symptoms and duration of the illness.

What are the most common side effects of valacyclovir?

The most common side effects of taking valacyclovir include a mild to moderate headache, which is reported in nearly 40% of patients, as well as nausea, abdominal pain, dizziness, fatigue, and sensitivity to sunlight.

Compare Medications

Compared: Valacyclovir or Acyclovir?

Valacyclovir and acyclovir are both antiviral drugs used to treat herpes, cold sores, shingles, and chickenpox. However, the relationship between these two drugs is complex.

Acyclovir: Acyclovir, sold under the brand name Zovirax, is considered the first breakthrough treatment for herpes. Acyclovir’s bioavailability is low and patients typically take up to five doses per day, but Zovirax is the more cost-effective option for buyers.

Valacyclovir: This drug, sold under the brand name Valtrex, is a “prodrug” that the liver converts into acyclovir as part of a normal internal process. Valacyclovir has high bioavailability, so most patients take one to three doses per day, but Valtrex is more expensive than Zovirax on average

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February 6, 2026 0 comments

Hormone Health Medications

What Is Levothyroxine? Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & FAQs

by Mariah Powers February 6, 2026

written by Mariah Powers

The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Levothyroxine

Mariah Powers
February 6, 2026

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

Levothyroxine is an FDA-approved prescription medication used to treat hypothyroidism, a condition characterized by an underactive thyroid gland and low thyroid hormone levels. It is a lab-made hormone replacement therapy that can restore metabolism and energy levels that have decreased due to hypothyroidism.

Levothyroxine can also improve heart rate and body temperature. Common side effects include a headache, nausea and vomiting, changes in appetite and weight loss, and irregular menstrual cycles or spotting.

How Does Levothyroxine Work?

Levothyroxine is a synthetic hormone replacement therapy that works by mimicking thyroxine (T4), a hormone naturally produced in the thyroid. When taken at the recommended dose, it can improve and maintain metabolism, energy, heart rate, and body temperature.

Drug Facts

Common Brands	Ermeza, Levothroid, Levoxyl, Synthroid, Tirosint/Tirosint-Sol, Unithroid
Drug Class	Thyroid hormone (thyroid agent)
Generic Status	Generic for Synthroid
Availability	Prescription only

Dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.

Levothyroxine is available as an oral tablet, oral capsule, or ingestible liquid. Capsules and tablets can be swallowed whole, while the liquid should be measured out to ensure the correct dose.

Daily dose: Adults under the age of 65 typically start at a dose of 100 to 125 micrograms (mcg) per day. The exact dose is calculated for roughly 1.6 mcg per kilogram (kg) of bodyweight. Most adults 65 and older start at a lower dose of up to 25 mcg per day to reduce the risk of serious side effects. This dose gradually increases over time, based on lab work and per doctor recommendations.
Monitoring: If you take levothyroxine, you’ll need to undergo regular blood tests to check for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and ensure your dose is correct. You may not notice the effects of the drug for several weeks after your first dose.
Maximum dose: Doses of 200 to 300 mcg per day are rarely prescribed.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.

FDA-Approved Uses

Levothyroxine is FDA-approved to treat hypothyroidism in adults and children, a condition classified as an underactive thyroid gland and low thyroid hormone levels.

Common Off-Label Uses

You may see Levothyroxine prescribed for uses that are not “FDA-approved.” This is a common and legal practice called “off-label” prescribing, where a doctor uses their clinical judgment to prescribe a drug for a different (but well-researched) purpose.

Levothyroxine may be prescribed off-label to treat female infertility for women with preexisting hypothyroidism. It can also provide partial TSH suppression for people with benign thyroid nodules and non-toxic multinodular goiters.

Side Effects

The most common levothyroxine side effects mimic the natural symptoms of having excessively high thyroid hormone levels. Many side effects occur due to the way levothyroxine interacts with certain foods, drinks, and drugs.

Common Side Effects

Weight changes
Headache
Joint pain and leg cramps
Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhea
Changes in appetite and weight loss
Irregular menstrual cycles or spotting
Temporary hair loss when treatment begins

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur.

Heart problems: Symptoms may include a rapid or irregular heartbeat, chest pain, and shortness of breath. Heart attack can occur.
Severe allergic reaction: Swelling of the face, tips, tongue, or throat may occur due to allergic reaction. Other symptoms can include hives, itching, respiratory problems, and fever.
Hyperthyroidism: Taking levothyroxine can lead to excessively high thyroid hormone levels with symptoms like diarrhea, profuse sweating, heat sensitivity, fever, tremors, anxiety, weight loss, and sleep difficulties.
Adrenal crisis: If you have untreated adrenal insufficiency and take levothyroxine, you may experience fatigue, stomach pain, dizziness, vomiting, or bodily weakness.
Weak bones: Taking levothyroxine can weaken your bones and increase your risk of osteoporosis, or bone loss, which causes your bones to break more easily. This risk is further increased for postmenopausal women who take higher doses of levothyroxine.

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms.

Starting at $24.99

Levothyroxine

Levothyroxine is a prescription thyroid hormone replacement therapy used to treat hypothyroidism, or an underactive thyroid. Commonly dispensed as generic Synthroid, this daily medication restores normal thyroxine (T4) levels and is carefully dosed based on regular blood tests to ensure optimal thyroid function.

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Pharmacist Tips

Dosage timing: It is recommended to take one dose daily on an empty stomach roughly 30 minutes to an hour before your first meal. Consistently taking your dose at the same time every day is crucial. If early morning won’t work for your schedule, ask your doctor when to take levothyroxine during the day.
Drink plenty of water: If using levothyroxine tablets or capsules, take your dose with at least 8 ounces of water to prevent a choking hazard and ensure your body properly absorbs the medication.
Food interactions: Certain foods can affect how your body absorbs levothyroxine. These include soybean flour, walnuts, and grapefruit juice. Talk to your doctor about modifying your diet as needed for the levothyroxine to be effective.
Hair loss: Hair loss is a common side effect of taking levothyroxine. However, for most people, the hair loss is temporary and primarily occurs when treatment begins. Long-term hair loss may warrant a conversation with your doctor.

Drug Interactions

Levothyroxine increases your thyroid hormone levels to treat hypothyroidism. This can affect how your body absorbs or interacts with a wide range of other medications, such as:

Calcium and iron supplements: Levothyroxine may interact with certain OTC supplements such as calcium carbonate and ferrous sulfate.
Antacids: Levothyroxine is known to interact with certain antacids, sucralfates, and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) that treat issues related to stomach acid. These include esomeprazole, lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, and rabeprazole.
Anti-inflammatory drugs: Interactions may occur between levothyroxine and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and naproxen used to treat swelling and pain.
Cholesterol medication: Levothyroxine may affect the body’s absorption of slow-release nicotinic acid and bile acid sequestrants used to treat high blood pressure, such as cholestyramine, colestipol, and colesevelam.
Hormones: Levothyroxine can interact with hormone supplements, including estrogen, progestin, testosterone, and steroid hormone medications such as prednisone and cortisone.
Tyrosine-kinase Inhibitors (TKIs): Levothyroxine can interact with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), asparaginase, mitotane, tamoxifen, and other TKIs used as chemotherapy drugs to treat some types of cancer.
Methadone: Levothyroxine may affect the absorption of methadone, an opioid medicine used to treat opioid use disorder.

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions.

FAQs

What does levothyroxine do to your body?

Levothyroxine increases the levels of thyroid hormone in your body to treat hypothyroidism, a condition that occurs when the thyroid does not naturally produce enough thyroid hormone.

Can levothyroxine cause weight gain?

Yes, weight gain is a common side effect of taking levothyroxine. Conversely, weight loss is another common side effect. Talk to your doctor about modifying your diet and daily exercise routine if you notice weight changes after taking levothyroxine.

Can levothyroxine cause dizziness?

Yes, you may experience dizziness after taking levothyroxine. This often occurs due to under-replacement or over-replacement of the thyroid hormone, so talking to a doctor about changing your dose might mitigate this issue.

Does levothyroxine give you energy?

Yes, taking levothyroxine can give you energy. The thyroid hormone helps restore and maintain energy and metabolism, so healthy thyroid hormone levels can result in a noticeable energy boost.

What foods to avoid while taking levothyroxine?

When taking levothyroxine, it is recommended to avoid foods with soybean flour, cottonseed meal, and walnuts. You should also avoid high-fiber foods and grapefruit juice.

Does levothyroxine speed up your metabolism?

Yes, levothyroxine speeds up your metabolism by replacing the natural thyroid hormone and restoring metabolic rate that has decreased due to hypothyroidism.

Can I drink coffee with levothyroxine?

It is not advised to take coffee with your levothyroxine dose. Coffee can slow down the rate at which your body absorbs the medication. Instead, take your levothyroxine with a glass of water and continue to hydrate throughout the day.

What vitamins should not be taken with thyroid medication?

It is not advised to take calcium or iron supplements, such as calcium carbonate and ferrous sulfate, within 4 hours of your daily levothyroxine dose. These vitamins can block or interfere with your body’s ability to absorb the levothyroxine. Biotin (B7) can cause inaccurate thyroid level readings, and other supplements such as iodine, zinc, and vitamin C can affect thyroid function and interfere with thyroid hormone levels – especially if you’re taking a higher dose of levothyroxine.

What cancels out levothyroxine?

A wide range of foods, beverages, and medications can hinder – if not completely cancel out – the effects of levothyroxine. These include soy, high-fiber foods, coffee, calcium, iron, antacids and PPIs, cancer drugs, and cholesterol medication.

How long does levothyroxine stay in your system?

Levothyroxine stays in your system up to 6 weeks after your most recent dose. Certain factors like age, body mass, and thyroid function can shorten or extend how long the drug remains in your system.

Is levothyroxine the same as Synthroid?

Yes, Synthroid is a brand-name version of levothyroxine. Other brand name versions of levothyroxine include Ermeza, Levothroid, Levoxyl, Tirosint, Tirosint-Sol, and Unithroid.

How long does it take for levothyroxine to work?

Levothyroxine starts working immediately to restore thyroid hormone levels that have decreased due to hypothyroidism. However, it can take weeks before your thyroid hormone levels stabilize and your symptoms improve.

Compare Medications

Compared: Levothyroxine, Synthroid, Armour Thyroid, or Euthyrox?

There are several medications that your doctor can prescribe in place of levothyroxine. We’ll explain how levothyroxine compared to some common levothyroxine alternatives:

Synthroid: Synthroid is a brand-name version of levothyroxine sodium (T4). It is nearly identical to generic levothyroxine except for its price-point.
Armour Thyroid: Armour thyroid is a synthetic hormone replacement drug derived from dried pig thyroid glands. It contains both triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).
Euthyrox: Euthyrox is the brand-name equivalent of generic levothyroxine. It does not contain many inactive ingredients, and is administered in tablet, capsule, or liquid form.

Disclaimer

Important: Information on this page is for educational purposes only. Prescribing decisions are made by independent, licensed providers. TelyRx operates technology-enabled pharmacies and a telehealth platform that connects patients with board-certified licensed providers. Prescriptions, when provider-approved and issued, are filled and shipped by TelyRx-affiliated pharmacies. We do not employ physicians or make prescribing decisions.

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February 6, 2026 0 comments

Medications

What Is Terbinafine? Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & FAQs

by Mariah Powers February 6, 2026

written by Mariah Powers

The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Terbinafine

Mariah Powers
February 6, 2026

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

Terbinafine is a prescription oral antifungal medication, most commonly known by its brand name, Lamisil. It is widely considered the “gold standard” and first-line treatment for fungal infections of the fingernails and toenails.

Unlike topical creams or lacquers that struggle to penetrate the hard nail plate, oral terbinafine works systemically to reach the nail bed from the inside out.

While highly effective, it requires a commitment to a multi-week course of treatment and patience, as the nail must grow out for the results to be fully visible. Common side effects include headache, stomach upset, and rash.

How Does Terbinafine Work?

Terbinafine belongs to a class of antifungals called allylamines. It works by inhibiting a specific enzyme called squalene epoxidase.

Fungi need a substance called ergosterol to build their cell membranes. By blocking the enzyme squalene epoxidase, terbinafine stops the fungus from producing ergosterol.

Furthermore, this blockage causes a toxic buildup of another substance called squalene inside the fungal cell. This dual action—deficiency of the cell membrane and toxic accumulation—results in fungal cell death.

Drug Facts

Common Brands	Lamisil
Drug Class	Antifungal
Generic Status	Generic version of Lamisil
Availability	Prescription Only

Dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.

Terbinafine dosing is straightforward, but the duration depends on where the infection is.

Fingernail Infections – Taken once daily for 6 weeks.
Toenail Infections – Taken once daily for 12 weeks.

It can be taken with or without food.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.

FDA-Approved Uses

Onychomycosis (Nail Fungus) – Treating fungal infections of the fingernail and toenail caused by dermatophytes (tinea unguium).
Scalp Ringworm (Tinea Capitis) – Oral granules are sometimes used for fungal infections of the scalp, but tablets are generally the standard treatment form.

Common Off-Label Uses

While topical creams are usually preferred for skin infections, oral terbinafine is sometimes prescribed off-label for severe or widespread cases of:

Ringworm (Tinea Corporis)
Jock Itch (Tinea Cruris)
Athlete’s Foot (Tinea Pedis)

Side Effects

Most people tolerate terbinafine well, but common issues can include:

Common Side Effects

Headache
Diarrhea, gas, or indigestion
Nausea
Mild skin rash or itching
Photosensitivity – Your skin may burn more easily in the sun.

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur.

Stop taking terbinafine and contact your doctor immediately if you experience:

Liver Damage (Hepatotoxicity) – This is rare but serious. Symptoms include persistent nausea, vomiting, right upper stomach pain, dark urine (tea-colored), pale stools (clay-colored), or yellowing of the skin/eyes (jaundice).
Taste or Smell Changes – Some people lose their sense of taste or smell while on this drug. This usually reverses after stopping, but in very rare cases, it can be permanent. Report this immediately.
Severe Skin Reactions – Signs of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) or DRESS syndrome, such as widespread red/purple rash, blistering, peeling skin, fever, or swollen lymph nodes.
Depression – New or worsening symptoms of depression or mood changes.
Lupus Flares – It can worsen or trigger symptoms in people with lupus erythematosus.
Blood Cell Disorders – Unexplained bruising, bleeding, or frequent infections (signs of low white blood cells or platelets).

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms.

Starting at $49.99 per bottle

Terbinafine

Terbinafine is an oral anti-fungal agent used to treat onychomycosis, which is a fungal infection of the nails.

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Pharmacist Tips

The “Waiting Game” – Terbinafine kills the fungus, but it does not instantly clear the nail. You will not see the full result until the healthy nail grows out. This can take 6 months for fingernails and 9-12 months for toenails. Don’t stop taking it just because the nail still looks damaged at week 4.
Protect Your Liver – Avoid heavy alcohol consumption while on this medication, as the combination puts extra stress on your liver. Your doctor may order a blood test (liver panel) before you start.
Wear Sunscreen – Because this drug makes you sensitive to sunlight, wear protective clothing and sunscreen to avoid severe burns.
Watch Your Coffee – Terbinafine can decrease your body’s ability to process caffeine. You may find that your morning coffee makes you feel more jittery or keeps you awake longer than usual.
Finish the Course – Fungal infections are stubborn. Even if the nail looks a little better, you must finish the full 6 or 12-week course to prevent the fungus from returning.

Drug Interactions

Terbinafine interacts with several medications.

Antidepressants – Terbinafine can increase the levels of Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) and SSRIs (like paroxetine or fluoxetine).
Beta-Blockers – Can interact with certain heart medications (like metoprolol).
Caffeine – As noted, it keeps caffeine in your system longer.
Warfarin – May alter the effects of this blood thinner.
Cimetidine – Can increase terbinafine levels.
Rifampin – Can decrease terbinafine levels.

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions.

FAQs

How long does it take for terbinafine to cure nail fungus?

While the treatment course is typically only 6 or 12 weeks, the “cure” isn’t visible until the damaged nail grows out and is trimmed away. For toenails, this often takes 9 to 12 months.

Is terbinafine bad for your liver?

Liver injury is a rare but known risk. It occurs in roughly 1 in 45,000 to 1 in 120,000 patients. Because the risk exists, doctors typically check liver enzymes before prescribing it. Avoiding alcohol helps mitigate this risk.

Can I drink alcohol while taking terbinafine?

It is strongly recommended to limit or avoid alcohol. Both terbinafine and alcohol are processed by the liver. Combining them increases the workload on the liver and may increase the risk of damage.

Does it cure fungus forever?

High cure rates (around 70-80%) are achieved, but recurrence is possible. Fungus lives in the environment (shoes, showers). To prevent reinfection, keep feet dry, change socks daily, and discard or treat old shoes that may harbor fungal spores.

Why does my coffee make me feel jittery now?

Terbinafine inhibits a liver enzyme that breaks down caffeine. This means caffeine stays in your bloodstream longer than normal, potentially increasing side effects like jitters, anxiety, and rapid heartbeat.

Can I stop taking it if my taste changes?

If you notice you can’t taste food or things taste metallic/wrong, stop the medication and call your doctor. Usually, taste returns within a few weeks of stopping, but continuing the drug can increase the risk of long-term issues.

Can I wear nail polish while taking oral terbinafine?

Unlike topical antifungal lacquers (which require bare nails to work), oral terbinafine works from the inside out through your bloodstream. You can wear nail polish, though some doctors recommend keeping nails bare to allow them to “breathe” and to easily monitor the growth of healthy nail.

What should I do if I miss a dose?

Take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is less than 4 hours until your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at the same time to catch up.

Is terbinafine an antibiotic?

No, it is an antifungal. Antibiotics treat bacterial infections; antifungals treat fungal infections. Terbinafine will not treat colds, the flu, or bacterial skin infections.

Can I stop taking it early if my nail starts looking better?

You must finish the full prescribed course (usually 6 or 12 weeks) to ensure the infection is completely eradicated. Fungi are resilient; stopping early often allows the infection to return, potentially harder to treat than before.

Compare Medications

Compared: Terbinafine, Itraconazole, or Jublia?

Treating nail fungus is difficult. Here is how oral terbinafine compares to other options.

Terbinafine (Oral) – Considered the most effective (“gold standard”) treatment with the highest cure rates. Requires liver monitoring. 6–12-week course.
Itraconazole (Sporanox) – Another oral antifungal. Effective, but has more drug interactions (especially with statins) and a risk of heart failure complications. Often used if terbinafine fails.
Topical Solutions (Jublia, Kerydin, Penlac) – Applied directly to the nail daily for many weeks. These have minimal liver risks and very few side effects, but the cure rates are significantly lower than oral medications because they struggle to penetrate the nail.

Disclaimer

Prescription medications made easy with TelyRx.

February 6, 2026 0 comments

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