Febuxostat is a medication that helps manage gout by lowering uric acid levels in the blood. It works by inhibiting the enzyme xanthine oxidase, which is responsible for converting purines into uric acid. This reduction in uric acid production helps prevent painful gout attacks and joint damage, making febuxostat a useful option for patients who may not tolerate or respond well to other treatments like allopurinol.

Allopurinol is a medication used to treat gout and certain types of kidney stones by lowering high levels of uric acid in the body. It works by inhibiting xanthine oxidase, an enzyme responsible for the production of uric acid. By reducing uric acid levels, allopurinol helps to prevent gout attacks and long-term joint damage. It is also used to manage elevated uric acid levels in patients undergoing cancer treatment, as these therapies can cause a rapid increase in uric acid due to cell breakdown.

Colchicine is a medication primarily used to treat and prevent gout attacks by reducing inflammation. Gout typically presents with sudden symptoms affecting one or a few joints, most commonly the big toe, knee, or ankle. It is caused by excess uric acid in the blood, which can lead to the formation of hard crystals in the joints. Colchicine helps by reducing swelling and preventing the buildup of these uric acid crystals, easing the pain in the affected joints.