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What Is Lisinopril? Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & FAQs

by Mariah Powers
written by Mariah Powers
The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Lisinopril

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

Lisinopril tablets via TelyRx

Table of Contents

Lisinopril is an oral medication belonging to the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor drug class that’s commonly prescribed as first-line treatment for managing hypertension (high blood pressure), treating heart failure, and reducing risk of further damage after a heart attack.

Most side effects are mild to moderate and temporary, but serious conditions can develop.

How Does Lisinopril Work?

Lisinopril works to alleviate pressure in your cardiovascular system and help blood flow more freely through your arteries. This can lower blood pressure, and also aid with recovery for people with heart failure.

As blood pressure decreases, your body produces the angiotensin 1 protein, and the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) in your kidneys and lungs converts angiotensin 1 into angiotensin 2. This conversion can cause blood pressure to increase by constricting blood vessels and trigger the release of aldosterone, a hormone that causes your body to retain a high concentration of sodium and water.

As an ACE inhibitor, lisinopril blocks ACE and prevents angiotensin 1 from being converted into angiotensin 2. By widening your blood vessels and reducing your sodium and water retention, lisinopril can lower your blood pressure and prevent excess strain on your heart.

Drug Facts

Common Brands Zestril, Prinivil, Qbrelis
Drug Class Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor
Generic Status Generic for Zestril
Availability Prescription only

Dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.

Lisinopril is a prescription-only ACE inhibitor that typically comes in the form of an oral tablet. Prescriptions usually call for one dose per day, though dosage depends on the type of condition being treated and the patient’s age.

  • Beginning dose: A low dose of 5 to 10 milligrams (mg) is usually prescribed for adults with hypertension or heart failure who are using the drug for the first time.
  • Titration: In many cases, lisinopril doses are titrated, or gradually increased periodically until it matches the patient’s blood pressure response and tolerance to medication. The maximum dose is 40 mg per day.
  • Post-heart attack: For people who have had a heart attack, the titration process may be sped up to ensure a healthy recovery. Increased dosage and its effects on the patient are closely monitored during this time.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.

FDA-Approved Uses

Lisinopril is FDA-approved to treat hypertension, heart failure, and post-myocardial infarction (heart attack). For patients with hypertension, lisinopril may be used as standalone medication or as part of a combined regimen that also includes diuretics and other types of anti-hypertensive drugs.

Common Off-Label Uses

You may see Lisinopril prescribed for uses that are not “FDA-approved.” This is a very common and legal practice called “off-label” prescribing, where a doctor uses their clinical judgment to prescribe a drug for a different (but well-researched) purpose.

  • Diabetic nephropathy: Like other ACE inhibitors, lisinopril can relieve pressure on the glomeruli, natural filters found in the kidneys. As a result, lisinopril may be used to slow kidney damage for people with diabetes regardless of whether or not they have high blood pressure.
  • Proteinuria: When the kidneys are stressed or damaged, protein may leak into the urine – a process known as proteinuria. Lisinopril can help reduce this leakage.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects

As with any new medication, Lisinopril may cause side effects for first-time users. Most of these side effects have mild to moderate symptoms, and are often temporary. Common side effects of lisinopril include:

  • Persistent dry cough
  • Dizziness or lightheadedness in response to lower blood pressure
  • Mild to moderate headache
  • Hypotension, or low blood pressure

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur.

Since lisinopril has a major effect on your body, particularly the vascular system, serious side effects can occur. These include:

  • Angioedema: Angioedema is a severe allergic reaction that may occur at any point during lisinopril therapy. Side effects include swelling of the face, lips, tongue, and throat, which can block the airway and cause difficulty when swallowing.
  • Kidney injury: Lisinopril can cause or exacerbate kidney injuries in people with certain medical conditions, such as severe heart failure or kidney-related arterial constriction. Symptoms include decreased urination and swelling of the hands and feet.
  • Elevated potassium levels: Lisinopril may increase the level of potassium in your blood, which can lead to irregular heart rhythm if these levels are too high. Muscle weakness and abnormal heartbeat are the primary symptoms of excessive potassium levels.
  • Liver injury: Although rare, taking lisinopril can cause liver damage. Symptoms include jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), darkened urine, and sudden and severe abdominal pain.
  • Fetal toxicity: Due to the risk of fetal injury and death, it is not advised for pregnant patients to take lisinopril during pregnancy.

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms.
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Lisinopril

Lisinopril is a prescribed ACE inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). This daily medication works by relaxing blood vessels to improve flow and reduce the workload on your heart.

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Pharmacist Tips

  • Find the right hydration balance: Proper hydration is essential for effective lisinopril treatment, but too much water can cause your blood pressure to become excessively low. It is advised to work in conjunction with your doctor to create a daily hydration regimen.
  • Call your doc if cough persists: A dry, non-productive cough is one of the most common side effects of taking lisinopril. Nonetheless, a persistent cough may warrant a change in medication. Many people who cough due to taking lisinopril are prescribed an Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB) medication instead.
  • Plan for routine monitoring: Doctors carefully monitor people who take lisinopril to ensure their bodies are responding well to the medication. Follow-up tests check for blood potassium and creatine levels, which are important to your kidney health, so it is advised to keep all of these appointments.

Drug Interactions

Lisinopril interacts with various types of other medication. Most of these interactions have a bearing on your body’s potassium levels and kidney function. Known lisinopril interactions include:

  • Potassium supplements: Potassium supplements, along with salt substitutes, should only be taken with lisinopril under strict medical guidance and monitoring. Lisinopril already increases potassium levels, so taking these supplements and substitutes can lead to hyperkalemia , or an excessively high level of potassium in your bloodstream.
  • Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): These drugs, which include ibuprofen and naproxen, can increase the risk of kidney damage when taken with lisinopril. Talk to your doctor about NSAID alternatives if you take lisinopril and need anti-inflammatory medication.
  • Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) and Renin Inhibitors: It is not recommended to take lisinopril at the same time as ARBs, renin inhibitors, and other RAAS-acting medications. Side effects of doing so can include kidney injury, hypotension, and hyperkalemia.
  • Entresto: Sacubitril/Valsartan, or Entresto, is a combination drug used to treat heart failure. It is not advised to take Entresto within 36 hours of taking lisinopril, as this significantly increases the risk of an angioedema allergic reaction.
  • Diuretics: Diuretics, or water pills, are taken to reduce the amount of salt and water in your body, reducing blood pressure in the process. Taking diuretics and lisinopril simultaneously can increase the risk of low blood pressure and kidney problems.

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions.

FAQs

What are the side effects of lisinopril?

Common side effects of taking lisinopril include a persistent dry and non-productive cough, dizziness or lightheadedness, a mild to moderate headache, and hypotension (low blood pressure). More serious side effects can include severe allergic reaction, kidney and liver damage, and high potassium levels in the bloodstream.

Why can lisinopril cause a persistent cough?

Lisinopril causes a persistent cough by inhibiting Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) activity. ACE not only converts angiotensin I protein to angiotensin II protein, but also breaks down a substance called bradykinin that builds up in the lungs and causes irritation. Reduced ACE function potentially means a greater buildup of bradykinin in the lungs and elevated risk of a persistent dry and non-productive cough.

Which foods should I avoid while taking lisinopril?

There are no serious food indications associated with lisinopril, but it is recommended to avoid foods with high potassium or sodium content.

Can I use salt substitutes while on lisinopril?

No, it is not recommended to use substitutes while taking lisinopril. Salt substitutes are rich in potassium chloride, so taking in tandem with lisinopril can cause excessively high potassium levels.

What is the best time of day to take lisinopril?

Based on the latest medical research, you can take lisinopril any time of day you wish. Consistently taking the drug each day is more crucial to your long-term treatment than timing your doses. Most people do not need to take their dose with food, so there’s no need to plan on taking lisinopril around mealtimes.

Is it safe to drink alcohol while taking lisinopril?

With drinking alcohol, it is recommended to proceed with caution if you’re also taking lisinopril. Alcoholic beverages can lower blood pressure and cause dizziness, so lisinopril can compound these side effects. Talk to your doctor about your daily alcohol consumption to see if lisinopril is right for you.

How long does it take for lisinopril to lower blood pressure?

Most people who take lisinopril notice a drop in blood pressure within 1 to 6 hours after their first dose. However, it can take up to 4 weeks for the medication to fully lower and stabilize your blood pressure levels.

What happens if I stop taking lisinopril suddenly?

If you stop taking lisinopril suddenly, you may experience a sudden and severe increase in blood pressure. This is especially true if you’re taking lisinopril to treat hypertension or heart failure. It is not advised to stop taking lisinopril without permission from your doctor.

Can lisinopril affect my kidney function?

Yes, lisinopril can affect your kidney function. The medication is designed to improve kidney function, especially for people with diabetes, but it can also cause acute kidney injury. By monitoring your creatine levels during treatment, your doctor can determine if the lisinopril is negatively affecting your kidney function.

What is the difference between lisinopril and losartan?

Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor, so it blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II proteins. Losartan is an ARB, which blocks angiotensin II activity. Both medications essentially achieve the same end through different means, though losartan is less likely than lisinopril to cause a persistent dry and non-productive cough.

Does lisinopril cause weight gain?

Lisinopril is not associated with excessive weight gain. If you gain weight while taking lisinopril, this may be due to edema, or fluid retention, related to heart failure. Talk to your doctor about the next steps.

Can lisinopril cause hair loss?

Hair loss is not a common side effect of taking lisinopril. That said, each medication can have different side effects for different people. Talk to your doctor if you notice hair loss while taking lisinopril.

What should I do if I miss a dose of lisinopril?

If you miss your daily lisinopril dose, don’t panic – it is advised to simply take the dose as soon as you remember. If more than a day has elapsed, it is recommended skip the missed dose and resume your daily regimen. It is not advised to “double-dose,” or take two doses at once to make up for the missed dose.

Can lisinopril cause erectile dysfunction?

Erectile dysfunction is not a common side effect of taking lisinopril. In fact, by increasing blood flow, the drug can improve circulation and overall vascular health.

Compare Medications

Compared: Lisinopril, Spironolactone, HCTZ, or Bisoprolol?

Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor often used as first-line treatment for high blood pressure, heart failure, and symptoms after myocardial infarction. Here’s how it compares to a few lisinopril alternatives:

  • Spironolactone: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that blocks activity of aldosterone, a hormone that increases your body’s salt and water retention. It is primarily used to treat hypertension and heart failure, as well as medical conditions that cause an excess of aldosterone.
  • HCTZ: Also known as thiazide diuretic, hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is intended to minimize how much sodium and chloride are reabsorbed into the kidneys. It may be used alone, or as part of a multi-drug regimen. Unlike lisinopril, which can elevate potassium levels, HCTZ can lower potassium, as well as increase urination and sensitivity to sunlight.
  • Bisoprolol: Bisoprolol is a beta-blocker designed to slow down the heart rate and decrease the force that occurs when the heart muscles contract. It is considered first-line treatment for heart failure, though its mechanisms differ from those of lisinopril. The latter reduces afterload, or resistance for the heart to pump blood after heart failure, while bisoprolol slows the remodeling process during which the heart’s size and shape change due to heart failure.
Disclaimer

Important: Information on this page is for educational purposes only. Prescribing decisions are made by independent, licensed providers. TelyRx operates technology-enabled pharmacies and a telehealth platform that connects patients with board-certified licensed providers. Prescriptions, when provider-approved and issued, are filled and shipped by TelyRx-affiliated pharmacies. We do not employ physicians or make prescribing decisions.

Prescription medications made easy with TelyRx.

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MedicationsSkin & Hair

What Is Permethrin? Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & FAQs

by Mariah Powers
written by Mariah Powers
The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Permethrin

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

Permethrin cream via TelyRx

Table of Contents

Permethrin is a topical medication intended to mimic the natural insecticides produced by chrysanthemum flowers. Permethrin is primarily used to treat infestations from lice, scabies, and other external parasites.

Permethrin is typically administered as a topical cream, depending on what is being treated. Most side effects are minor and temporary.

How Does Permethrin Work?

As a pyrethroid, permethrin works by attacking the nervous systems of parasites and pests, paralyzing and killing them in the process. Permethrin acts as a scabicide to wipe out mites, and as a pediculicide to target lice.

The most common form of permethrin, 5% topical cream, stays on the skin for several hours to penetrate the skin and destroy parasites that have burrowed beneath the outer skin layer, along with their egg deposits.

Drug Facts

Common Brands Acitin, Elimite
Drug Class Pyrethroid antiparasitic
Generic Status Generic version of Elimite
Availability Prescription only

Dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.

Application: It is advised to apply permethrin topical cream to clean, cool, and dry skin. It is not recommended to shower before applying the cream.

Apply and massage the cream onto your skin. Cover every surface between the neck and feet. Some adults may also need to apply the lotion onto their scalp and face.

Duration: It is advised to leave the cream on your skin for 8 to 14 hours; your doctor may provide a more specific duration depending on your symptoms.

Removal: To remove the cream, take a long shower with vigorous scrubbing from head to toe. Your doctor may recommend a second treatment if live parasites are still present after the first treatment.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.

FDA-Approved Uses

Permethrin is FDA-approved as a topical medication to treat external parasitic infestations, such as scabies.

Common Off-Label Uses

You may see Permethrin prescribed for uses that are not “FDA-approved.” This is a common and legal practice called “off-label” prescribing, where a doctor uses their clinical judgment to prescribe a drug for a different (but well-researched) purpose.

Common off-label uses for permethrin found in clinical practice and research include:

  • Pubic Lice: Permethrin cream may be used to treat pubic lice, depending on severity of symptoms.
  • Demodex Mites: Demodex mites live in the hair follicles. Permethrin may be prescribed as an adjunctive treatment for rosacea and other skin conditions thought to be caused by an overabundance of demodex mites.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects

The most common side effects of permethrin are mild and temporary. These common side effects do not indicate the treatment has failed or is not currently working:

  • Mild burning, stinging, tingling, or pain where the topical is applied.
  • Red, irritated, or dry skin
  • Severe itching, often brought on by scabies infestation that worsens as the topical takes effect. This may last for several weeks.

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur.

Permethrin can lead to anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction, in patients who are allergic to ingredients in the cream or rinse. Symptoms can include dizziness, difficulty breathing, hives, skin rash, and swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. Anaphylaxis from permethrin is very rare, but warrants immediate medical attention when it occurs.

Permethrin is also mildly toxic when ingested, and may lead to symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Most forms of permethrin are meant to be topically applied on the skin or rinsed in the hair, not ingested.

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms.
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Permethrin

Permethrin 5% cream is a prescription-strength scabies treatment formulated to eliminate mites and eggs from the skin. This topical antiparasitic is applied to the entire body from the neck down and is left on for 8 to 14 hours before rinsing.

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Pharmacist Tips

  • Be thorough: Apply the cream to every skin surface between your neck and feet. It is recommended that you be especially thorough when applying on your fingers and toes, under your fingernails and toenails, and on your buttocks and genitals.
  • Use eye protection: Permethrin should stay out of your eyes, ears, nose and mouth. Rinse thoroughly with cool water if it enters your eyes during application.
  • Don’t sweat extra itching: If you notice more severe itching after applying the permethrin, this doesn’t mean the medication has failed or isn’t working properly. You can expect the extra itch to last for at least a few days after the treatment has ended. Additionally, about 10% of people who use permethrin notice stinging, pain, or irritation when the topical is first applied.
  • Find space for the cream to take effect: Since your prescription cream will most likely require you to be covered head-to-toe in permethrin cream for at least 8 hours, some patients take the day off work and stay home in comfortable clothes.
  • Replace your threads: Parasites like scabies and lice can live on clothing, towels, and bedding. Wash all contaminated items in hot water and dry them in a hot dryer.
  • Plan for a second treatment: For many people who use permethrin, one treatment application will suffice. But some need at least one more treatment about one week later to target all of the remaining scabies or lice, so it’s best to prepare for the possibility of a second treatment.

Drug Interactions

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions.

Permethrin is considered low-risk of interacting with other drugs and medications because most of the cream is absorbed in the skin and does not enter the blood stream. There are no known food or alcohol interactions with permethrin.

However, it’s generally advised to not use any medical or non-medical topical lotions and creams for 8 to 14 hours after permethrin cream has been applied to your skin. This is to ensure the permethrin absorbs into your skin as much as possible.

FAQs

How does permethrin cream work?

Permethrin attacks the nervous systems of scabies, lice, and other parasites, leading to paralysis and death. Permethrin 5% cream left on the skin for several hours will target burrowing mites and their eggs, while the 1% lotion/rinse kills lice in the hair.

Why does my skin still itch after using permethrin cream?

Itching is a common side effect of using permethrin cream – in many cases, the itching is more severe after the topical has been applied. Persistent itching does not mean the medication has failed or is ineffective. Itching may last for several weeks after the medication is used.

How long should permethrin cream remain on the skin before washing it off?

Specific instructions from your doctor depend on your symptoms, but most people leave the permethrin cream on their skin for 8 to 14 hours.

Do I need to treat my whole body with permethrin?

If you have a scabies infestation, it is advised to apply the cream to every skin surface between your neck and feet unless your doctor instructs otherwise. Some people may also need to apply the cream on their face, scalp, and temples.

How often can I apply the permethrin cream?

Many people who use the 5% permethrin cream only need to apply the topical once, though some need at least one more additional treatment to eradicate all mites and their eggs.

What should I do if I accidentally wash my hands during the treatment period?

If you wash your hands during the treatment, it is advised to immediately dry your wrists and hands, then reapply the topical to these areas.

How does permethrin treat head lice as well as scabies?

Permethrin has scabicidal and pediculicidal properties, meaning it targets both scabies and head lice. Different versions of this medication are used to treat scabies and head lice.

What are the common side effects of topical permethrin?

Common side effects of topical permethrin include red or itchy skin and stinging, burning, or mild pain where the topical is applied. Most side effects are mild and temporary, though some – like itching – can persist for several weeks after the medication is used.

How should I clean my home and laundry after using permethrin?

It is advised to wash your clothing, towels, and bedding in hot water with a temperature of at least 130 degrees Fahrenheit, then dry these items in a hot dryer. Items you cannot machine-wash should be sealed in a plastic bag for at least 72 hours.

Should I use permethrin cream or oral ivermectin?

Permethrin cream and oral ivermectin are both effective at treating scabies, but the former is often prescribed for mild cases while the latter may be prescribed for more severe cases and larger outbreaks. Your doctor can provide more details about which medication is best for you.

Compare Medications

Compared: Permethrin or Ivermectin?

Permethrin and ivermectin are both antiparasitic medications, but they come in different forms and are typically used in different circumstances.

  • Permethrin: This is a topical pyrethroid antiparasitic medication that is often used as first-line treatment for scabies and head lice infestations. It comes in 5% cream and 1% lotion, and treatment usually requires one to two full applications.
  • Ivermectin: This is a macrocyclic lactone antiparasitic medication derived from soil bacteria. It is normally reserved for severe scabies and lice infestations, including instances where the parasites are resistant to first-line drugs like permethrin. Ivermectin is usually administered as a single-dose oral capsule, but ivermectin lotions are available to treat head lice.
Disclaimer

Important: Information on this page is for educational purposes only. Prescribing decisions are made by independent, licensed providers. TelyRx operates technology-enabled pharmacies and a telehealth platform that connects patients with board-certified licensed providers. Prescriptions, when provider-approved and issued, are filled and shipped by TelyRx-affiliated pharmacies. We do not employ physicians or make prescribing decisions.

Prescription medications made easy with TelyRx.

Start Your Rx Journey for $22

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Hormone HealthMedications

What Is Armour Thyroid? Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & FAQs

by Mariah Powers
written by Mariah Powers
The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Armour Thyroid

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

Armour Thyroid tablets via TelyRx

Table of Contents

Armour Thyroid (desiccated thyroid extract) is a hormone replacement therapy that is prescribed for underactive thyroid, or hypothyroidism. Armour Thyroid is also prescribed to prevent or manage thyroid growths such as enlarged thyroid (goiter), Hashimoto’s disease, and thyroid cancer.

Unlike synthetic thyroid medications, Armour Thyroid is naturally derived from the dried (desiccated) thyroid glands of pigs, so it contains both types of thyroid hormones: thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).

Armour Thyroid is not FDA-approved. Common side effects include joint or muscle pain, fatigue, weight gain, and allergic reactions.

How Does Armour Thyroid Work?

Armour Thyroid works by mimicking the output of a healthy human thyroid gland. Normally, the thyroid gland produces a mixture of hormones, namely thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). When you have hypothyroidism, your thyroid gland does not produce enough of these thyroid hormones. Armour Thyroid contains both of these hormones, so taking it can restore your levels back to normal.

In addition to underactive thyroid, Armour Thyroid is also prescribed for goiter and thyroid cancers. These conditions are caused by too-high levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which encourage the thyroid gland to grow too much (leading to goiter) or grow cancerous cells (leading to thyroid cancer).

Armour Thyroid works by telling your pituitary gland to reduce TSH production, which can help “shrink” an enlarged gland or suppress the regrowth of cancerous thyroid tissues after surgery.

Drug Facts

Common Brands Armour Thyroid
Drug Class Thyroid agents
Generic Status No generic available
Availability Prescription Only

Dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.

Armour Thyroid is an oral medication that is taken on a daily basis. Dosages are individualized to the patient and depend on what you’re taking it for.

  • For hypothyroidism, the recommended starting dose is typically 30 mg daily. After 2–4 weeks, your provider may order blood tests to see if your TSH, T4, and T3 levels are normal. If needed, they may increase your dose in increments of 15 mg every 2–3 weeks until they find an effective dosage for you.
  • For managing goiter or thyroid cancer, the recommended dose is calculated by body weight and given for 7–10 days.

It is recommended to take Amour Thyroid on an empty stomach with water every morning, at the same time each day. Most providers recommend waiting 30–60 minutes before eating or drinking anything besides water.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.

FDA-Approved Uses

The FDA has not approved the labeling or ingredients of Armour Thyroid and recommends that patients transition to an FDA-approved medication.

Common Off-Label Uses

To date, there are no commonly known off-label uses.

Side Effects

Like all medications, Armour Thyroid can cause side effects. Often, these can be a sign that the dosage is too high.

Common Side Effects

  • Temporary hair loss
  • Insomnia (trouble sleeping)
  • Rash
  • Tremors
  • Arrhythmias (abnormal heart rhythms)
  • Heart attack
  • Shortness of breath
  • Chest pain
  • Headache
  • Nervousness
  • Irritability
  • Muscle weakness
  • Increased appetite
  • Weight loss
  • Diarrhea
  • Sweating or trouble tolerating heat
  • Fever
  • Changes in menstrual period

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur. Some serious reactions to Armour Thyroid are signs of thyroid hormone toxicity, which can happen when you have too much Armour Thyroid. Call your doctor immediately if you experience:

  • Boxed warning (weight loss): Armour Thyroid has a warning for a high risk of toxicity if used for weight loss. Armour Thyroid is not effective for weight loss and should never be used for this reason.
  • Cardiovascular issues: Rapid or irregular heartbeat (palpitations), chest pain, or shortness of breath.
  • Neurological symptoms: Severe nervousness, tremors, irritability, or extreme trouble sleeping.
  • Serious allergic reactions: Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat; difficulty breathing; severe rash or itching.
  • Bone density loss: Long-term over-replacement (taking more than the body needs) of thyroid hormone can lead to a decrease in bone mineral density, increasing the risk of osteoporosis.

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms.
Starting at $49.99

Armour Thyroid Tablets

Armour Thyroid® is a prescription thyroid medication used to treat hypothyroidism, or an underactive thyroid. Used as an alternative to synthetic treatments, this thyroid hormone replacement is derived naturally from desiccated porcine thyroid and helps restore balance to your metabolism and energy levels.

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Pharmacist Tips

  • Dose timing: Armour Thyroid is a daily medication. It is best absorbed on an empty stomach. It is usually taken first thing in the morning with water, at least 30 to 60 minutes before eating or drinking anything else.
  • Missed dose: Do not skip doses. If you miss a dose, it is recommended to take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not double up.
  • Storage: Armour Thyroid should be stored in a tightly sealed container at room temperature (59°F to 86°F), away from moisture and light.
  • Food: Certain foods can make Armour Thyroid less effective, including soy, cottonseed meal, walnuts, grapefruit juice, and dietary fiber. If you eat any of these regularly, ask your doctor about whether your dose needs to be adjusted.
  • Supplements: Certain supplements can disrupt how Armour Thyroid works. Your provider will likely recommend you take Armour Thyroid at least 4 hours before or after taking antacids or any supplements or multivitamins containing iron or calcium.

Drug Interactions

Armour Thyroid interacts with a wide variety of substances. Because it affects metabolism, it can change how your body processes other drugs.

  • Insulin and oral diabetes medications: Thyroid hormones can increase blood sugar levels. Your doctor may adjust your insulin or oral medication doses when starting or changing your Armour Thyroid dose.
  • Oral anticoagulants (blood thinners): Armour Thyroid may increase the effect of blood thinners like warfarin, potentially increasing the risk of bleeding. It is recommended to check your blood clotting status often.
  • Cholesterol medications: Drugs like cholestyramine and colestipol can trap thyroid hormone in the digestive tract. These should be taken at least 4–5 hours apart from your thyroid dose.
  • Estrogens and oral contraceptives (birth control pills): Birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy can increase the amount of thyroid proteins in your blood, so your doctor may need to prescribe a higher dose of Armour Thyroid.
  • Foods and dietary supplements: Certain foods (soy, cottonseed meal, walnuts, grapefruit juice, dietary fiber) and supplements (iron, calcium, antacids) can affect the absorption of Armour Thyroid. Talk to your doctor if you take these regularly.

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions.

FAQs

Why is Armour Thyroid not FDA approved?

The FDA has not approved Armour Thyroid and similar animal-derived thyroid medications due to concerns with the safety, quality, and potency of these drugs. Tablets can have inconsistent doses, even among the same manufacturing batch, and using animal tissue can inherently raise the risk of impurities in manufacturing. The FDA has received complaints of adverse events from patients taking unapproved medications.

What to avoid when taking Armour Thyroid?

Foods containing soy and cottonseed meal, as well as walnuts, grapefruit juice, and dietary fiber can affect the absorption of Armour Thyroid. Also, it can interact with some drugs, so it’s important to provide your doctor with a full medication list prior to taking Armour Thyroid.

What vitamins should not be taken with thyroid medication?

Calcium and iron can both significantly block the absorption of thyroid hormones. Supplements and multivitamins containing these minerals should be taken at least four hours after your Armour Thyroid dose.

What are the negative effects of Armour Thyroid?

Negative effects usually arise if the dose is too high (causing symptoms of an overactive thyroid like anxiety and heart palpitations) or if the patient is allergic to porcine-derived products.

Is Armour Thyroid or levothyroxine better?

There is no “better” medication in an absolute sense; there is only what is better for the individual. Levothyroxine is synthetic T4 and is the standard first-line treatment. Armour Thyroid provides both T4 and T3. Some patients feel more energetic on Armour Thyroid, while others find levothyroxine more stable and easier to dose.

What happens if I miss a day of Armour Thyroid?

Missing a single day is unlikely to cause immediate symptoms because thyroid hormones stay in the body for a long time. However, frequent missed doses may cause your hypothyroidism symptoms to return. Your provider may recommend to take the missed dose as soon as you remember, or skip it if it’s nearly time for the next one.

What are the side effects of too much Armour Thyroid?

Too much medication leads to “thyrotoxicosis,” or having too much thyroid hormone in your system. Symptoms include a racing or irregular heart rate, chest pain, shortness of breath, tremors, and extreme irritability. If these occur, a dosage reduction may be required.

How long does it take for Armour Thyroid to work?

While the T3 in Armour Thyroid enters the system quickly, it can take several weeks for the T4 levels to stabilize and for you to feel a significant change in symptoms. Most providers wait 2 to 4 weeks before checking blood levels to judge the full effect.

Compare Medications

Compared: Armour Thyroid, NP Thyroid, Levothyroxine, or synthroid?

  • NP Thyroid: NP Thyroid is a brand-name desiccated thyroid extract derived by porcine (pig) thyroid, similar to Armour thyroid.
  • Levothyroxine: Levothyroxine is a generic form of synthetic T4 that is the most commonly prescribed thyroid medication.
  • Synthroid: Synthroid is a brand-name version of levothyroxine that’s taken daily.
Disclaimer

Important: Information on this page is for educational purposes only. Prescribing decisions are made by independent, licensed providers. TelyRx operates technology-enabled pharmacies and a telehealth platform that connects patients with board-certified licensed providers. Prescriptions, when provider-approved and issued, are filled and shipped by TelyRx-affiliated pharmacies. We do not employ physicians or make prescribing decisions.

Prescription medications made easy with TelyRx.

Start Your Rx Journey for $22

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sildenafil
Medications

What Is Sildenafil? Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & FAQs

by Mariah Powers
written by Mariah Powers
The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Sildenafil

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

sildenafil
Sildenafil tablets (generic for: Viagra)

Table of Contents

Sildenafil is one of the most widely recognized prescription medications in the world, best known by its brand name, Viagra. It is FDA-approved to treat erectile dysfunction (ED) in men.

Sildenafil is famous for being the first oral pill approved for ED. It is a “demand” medication, meaning you take it shortly before you plan to have sex, rather than every day. While typically prescribed as 25 mg, 50 mg, or 100 mg tablets for ED, it is also sold under the brand name Revatio (in 20 mg tablets) to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (high blood pressure in the lungs).

How Does Sildenafil Work?

Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitor.

During sexual arousal, your body releases nitric oxide, which triggers a chemical chain reaction to relax the smooth muscles in the penis and fill it with blood. Sildenafil protects the chemical responsible for this relaxation (cGMP) from being broken down by the enzyme PDE-5. This allows the blood vessels to stay open longer and wider, helping you get and keep an erection.

Note: It does not create an erection on its own; sexual stimulation is still required.

Drug Facts

Common Brands Viagra, Revatio
Drug Class Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitor
Generic Status Generic version of Viagra
Availability Prescription Only

Dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.

Sildenafil is taken “as needed.” It is not a once-daily pill. The typical starting dose is 50 mg. It is best taken approximately 1 hour before sexual activity. However, it can be taken anywhere from 30 minutes to 4 hours before.

Based on effectiveness and side effects, your doctor may increase the dose to a maximum of 100 mg. A lower starting dose of 25 mg is often recommended for men aged 65 and older, or those with kidney or liver impairment, to reduce the risk of side effects.

Do not take sildenafil more than once per 24 hours.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.

FDA-Approved Uses

  • Erectile Dysfunction (ED) – To treat the inability to get or keep an erection sufficient for sexual performance.
  • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) – Sold under the brand Revatio (usually 20 mg), it is used to relax blood vessels in the lungs to lower blood pressure and improve exercise capacity.

Common Off-Label Uses

You may see sildenafil prescribed for uses that are not “FDA-approved.” This is a very common and legal practice called “off-label” prescribing, where a doctor uses their clinical judgment to prescribe a drug for a different (but well-researched) purpose.

While primarily used for ED and PAH, healthcare providers sometimes prescribe sildenafil off-label for other conditions involving blood flow:

  • Raynaud’s Phenomenon – To help improve severe circulation issues in the fingers and toes caused by cold or stress.
  • High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE) – It is sometimes used by mountain climbers to prevent or treat fluid buildup in the lungs at high altitudes.

Side Effects

Most side effects are mild to moderate and tend to fade as the drug leaves your system (usually within 4-6 hours).

Common Side Effects

  • Headache
  • Flushing (warmth or redness in the face/neck)
  • Indigestion or upset stomach
  • Nasal congestion (stuffy nose)
  • Vision changes, such as seeing a blue tinge to objects, difficulty telling blue from green, or sensitivity to light.
  • Dizziness

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur. Stop taking sildenafil and seek emergency medical help if you experience:

  • Priapism – An erection that is painful or lasts longer than 4 hours. This is a medical emergency that can cause permanent damage to the penis if not treated immediately.
  • Sudden Vision Loss – Sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes (NAION).
  • Sudden Hearing Loss – Sudden decrease or loss of hearing, often accompanied by ringing in the ears.
  • Severe Low Blood Pressure – Dizziness, fainting, or lightheadedness.
  • Cardiovascular Symptoms – Chest pain, pressure, or severe shortness of breath during sexual activity.
  • Allergic Reaction – Hives, difficulty breathing, or swelling of the face/throat.

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms.
Starting at $24.99 per bottle

Sildenafil

Sildenafil is a medication used to treat erectile dysfunction. Dosing depends on age, tolerance, and response to the medication.

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Pharmacist Tips

  • Watch Your Meal – While you can take sildenafil with food, a high-fat meal (like a cheeseburger or steak) will delay the drug’s absorption. It may take longer to work or be less effective. For the fastest results, take it on an empty stomach.
  • Do NOT Mix with Nitrates – NEVER combine sildenafil with nitrates (nitroglycerin, isosorbide) or recreational “poppers” (amyl nitrite). This can cause a dangerous, potentially fatal drop in blood pressure.
  • Stimulation is Needed – The pill does not work like a switch. You still need sexual stimulation and arousal for the medication to work.
  • Alcohol Caution – Heavy drinking can worsen side effects like dizziness and low blood pressure. Ironically, excessive alcohol also makes it harder to get an erection, counteracting the medication.
  • Be Patient – It may take a few attempts to find the right timing and dose. Don’t give up if it doesn’t work perfectly the very first time.

Drug Interactions

Sildenafil interacts with several common medications.

DO NOT TAKE SILDENAFIL if you take:

  • Nitrates (nitroglycerin, isosorbide mononitrate/dinitrate).
  • Guanylate Cyclase Stimulators (Riociguat for pulmonary hypertension).

Use caution and inform your doctor if you take:

  • Alpha-blockers (tamsulosin/Flomax) – Used for prostate issues. Taking these together can cause low blood pressure. Your doctor may advise separating the doses by a few hours.
  • Blood Pressure Medications – Sildenafil adds to the blood-pressure-lowering effect.
  • Protease Inhibitors (Ritonavir) – Used for HIV.
  • Antifungals (Ketoconazole).
  • Grapefruit Juice – Can increase the levels of sildenafil in your blood, potentially worsening side effects.

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions.

FAQs

How long does Viagra (sildenafil) last?

Sildenafil typically stays active in your system for 4 to 6 hours. This does not mean you will have an erection for that long, but that you can achieve one during that window with stimulation.

How much sildenafil should I take for the first time?

The standard starting dose is usually 50 mg. However, if you are over 65 or have kidney/liver issues, your doctor will likely start you on 25 mg. Always follow your provider’s instructions.

How long does it take for sildenafil to take effect?

It typically takes 30 to 60 minutes to start working. It works fastest if taken on an empty stomach.

Can I take Viagra every day?

Sildenafil is generally prescribed for use “as needed” before sex, not as a daily scheduled pill. If you require ED treatment daily or want more spontaneity, talk to your doctor about tadalafil (Cialis), which has a specific low-dose “once-daily” option.

Can women take sildenafil?

Sildenafil is not FDA-approved for sexual dysfunction in women. While some studies have looked into it, results are mixed. It is FDA-approved for women only for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).

Does sildenafil make you last longer?

No. Sildenafil helps you get and keep an erection. It does not treat premature ejaculation (how fast you climax) or increase your libido (sex drive).

What should I do if sildenafil doesn’t work?

Don’t panic. It is common for it not to work perfectly the first time. It may take a few attempts for your body to adjust. Ensure you waited long enough (1 hour), didn’t eat a heavy meal beforehand, and were sexually stimulated. If it still doesn’t work after several attempts, talk to your doctor about adjusting the dose or trying a different medication like tadalafil.

Can I cut sildenafil pills in half?

Generally, yes. Unlike some extended-release medications, sildenafil tablets can usually be split if they are scored (have a line down the middle). However, it is always best to use the specific strength prescribed to you. Ask your pharmacist if your specific brand of generic sildenafil is safe to split.

Does sildenafil expire?

Yes, like all medications, sildenafil has an expiration date printed on the bottle or pharmacy label. Do not take expired medication, as it may not be effective and could potentially be unsafe.

How does sildenafil compare to tadalafil and vardenafil?

While all three are PDE-5 inhibitors used for ED, they have large differences in duration and food interactions:

  • Sildenafil (Viagra) – Lasts 4-6 hours. Works best on an empty stomach (high-fat meals delay it). Good for planned sexual activity.
  • Tadalafil (Cialis) – Lasts up to 36 hours. Can be taken with or without food. Ideal for spontaneity or “weekend” use.
  • Vardenafil (Levitra) – Lasts 4-6 hours (similar to sildenafil). It is slightly less affected by food than sildenafil and is sometimes effective for men who did not respond well to sildenafil.

Compare Medications

Compared: Sildenafil, Tadalafil, Vardenafil, or Avanafil? 

Sildenafil is the original PDE-5 inhibitor, but there are alternatives.

  • Sildenafil (Viagra) – The “little blue pill.” Works in 30-60 minutes and lasts for 4-6 hours. Best on an empty stomach.
  • Tadalafil (Cialis) – The “weekend pill.” Lasts up to 36 hours. It can be taken with food and has a daily dosing option.
  • Vardenafil (Levitra) – Similar duration to sildenafil (4-6 hours) but is very potent and requires smaller doses (mg for mg).
  • Avanafil (Stendra) – The fastest-acting option, often working in as little as 15 minutes.
Disclaimer

Important: Information on this page is for educational purposes only. Prescribing decisions are made by independent, licensed providers. TelyRx operates technology-enabled pharmacies and a telehealth platform that connects patients with board-certified licensed providers. Prescriptions, when provider-approved and issued, are filled and shipped by TelyRx-affiliated pharmacies. We do not employ physicians or make prescribing decisions.  Learn more about our editorial standards here.

Prescription medications made easy with TelyRx.

Start Your Rx Journey for $22

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What to Know About Ozempic (Semaglutide)

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What Is Wegovy? Uses, Side Effects, Dosage &...

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Medications

What Is Wegovy? Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & FAQs

by blog
written by blog
The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Wegovy (Semaglutide)

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

Wegovy injections via TelyRx.

Table of Contents

Wegovy (semaglutide) is a once-weekly prescription injection, FDA-approved for chronic weight management with obesity. It is also for adults who are overweight (BMI ≥ 27) and have at least one weight-related condition like high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, or high cholesterol. In 2024, it was also approved to reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke, and cardiovascular death in adults with both heart disease and obesity or overweight. 

It is a GLP-1 receptor agonist that works by mimicking a natural gut hormone, which regulates appetite and slows digestion, helping you feel fuller longer. The most common side effects are gastrointestinal, including nausea, diarrhea, and constipation.  

how does Wegovy work?

Wegovy is in a class of drugs called GLP-1 receptor agonists (or “incretin mimetics”). It works by copying the action of a natural hormone in your body called GLP-1. 

Wegovy targets areas of the brain that are involved in regulating appetite and food intake. It also slows down “gastric emptying,” the process of food leaving your stomach. This dual action makes you feel full sooner and for a longer period, which helps reduce your overall calorie intake and leads to weight loss. 

drug facts

Common Brands Wegovy
Drug Class GLP-1 Agonist
Generic Status Generic not available
Availability Prescription Only

dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.   

Wegovy is administered via a single-use, auto-injector pen. The dose is “titrated,” meaning it is started low and increased gradually. This slow ramp-up is critical for minimizing gastrointestinal side effects. 

  • Month 1 – 0.25 mg once weekly 
  • Month 2 – 0.5 mg once weekly 
  • Month 3 – 1 mg once weekly 
  • Month 4 and beyond (Maintenance Dose) – 1.7 or 2.4 mg once weekly 

Your doctor may adjust this schedule based on your tolerance and response.  Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.

FDA-approved uses

Wegovy is prescribed as part of a long-term weight management plan that includes a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity. Its approved uses are: 

  • Chronic Weight Management – In adults with obesity (BMI ≥ 30) or overweight (BMI ≥ 27) with at least one weight-related comorbidity. It is also approved for children 12 and older with obesity. 
  • Cardiovascular Risk Reduction – To reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events (heart attack, stroke, death) in adults with established cardiovascular disease and obesity or overweight. 
  • Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH) – To treat MASH (formerly NASH), a type of fatty liver disease, in adults with moderate-to-advanced liver scarring. 
  •  

common off-label uses

You may see Wegovy prescribed for uses that are not “FDA-approved.” This is a very common and legal practice called “off-label” prescribing, where a doctor uses their clinical judgment to prescribe a drug for a different (but well-researched) purpose. 

The active ingredient in Wegovy, semaglutide, is approved for treating Type 2 Diabetes under the brand name Ozempic. Wegovy itself is generally not prescribed off-label as it is already indicated for weight management. 

side effects

The most frequently reported side effects are gastrointestinal (GI), especially when starting the medication and increasing the dose. 

Common Side Effects

  • Nausea 
  • Diarrhea 
  • Vomiting 
  • Constipation 
  • Stomach (abdominal) pain 
  • Headache 
  • Fatigue 
  • Indigestion / Acid Reflux 
  • Bloating, burping, or gas 

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur. Stop using Wegovy and contact your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following: 

  • BOXED WARNING – Risk of Thyroid C-cell Tumors – Wegovy has a “boxed warning” because in animal studies, it caused thyroid tumors. It is not known if this happens in people. Do not use Wegovy if you or any of your family have a history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) or Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2). Report any new lump in your neck, hoarseness, or trouble swallowing or breathing to your doctor. 
  • Pancreatitis – Inflammation of the pancreas. Symptoms include severe, persistent pain in your abdomen that may radiate to your back, with or without vomiting. 
  • Gallbladder Problems – Wegovy can cause gallstones or gallbladder inflammation. Seek medical attention for pain in your upper right stomach, fever, or yellowing of the skin/eyes. 
  • Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Sugar) – This is a low risk for most, but the risk increases significantly if you also take diabetes medications like insulin or a sulfonylurea. 
  • Kidney Problems – Severe vomiting or diarrhea can lead to dehydration, which can cause or worsen kidney failure. 
  • Vision Changes – A potential worsening of diabetic retinopathy has been reported, especially in people with type 2 diabetes. 
  • Suicidal Thoughts or Behavior – Pay attention to any changes in your mood, behavior, or thoughts of self-harm, and report them to your doctor. 
  • Serious Allergic Reactions – Swelling of the face, lips, or throat, or difficulty breathing. 

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms. 
Starting at $349.99 per dose

Albuterol HFA Inhaler

Wegovy is used for chronic weight management and weight-associated comorbidities, including high cholesterol, diabetes, and high blood pressure. 

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pharmacist tips

  1. Storage – Keep your new, unused Wegovy pens in the refrigerator. Do not freeze them. After starting, a pen can be kept at room temperature (up to 86°F or 30°C) for up to 28 days. 
  2. Missed Dose – If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember if your next scheduled dose is more than 2 days (48 hours) away. If your next dose is less than 2 days away, you may be able to skip the missed dose and get back on your regular schedule. 
  3. Manage Nausea – Nausea is the most common reason people stop. Manage it by eating smaller, more frequent meals, avoiding greasy or spicy foods, and staying well-hydrated. 
  4. Pregnancy – Wegovy may harm an unborn baby. You must stop taking it at least 2 months before you plan to become pregnant. 
  5. Injection Sites – Inject under the skin of your stomach (abdomen), thigh, or upper arm. It’s important to rotate your injection site each week to avoid skin irritation. 
  6. Stay Hydrated – The GI side effects can cause dehydration. Drink plenty of water or other fluids to protect your kidneys and help you feel better. 

drug interactions

The most significant interactions for Wegovy are: 

  • Oral Medications – Because Wegovy slows down your digestion, it can change how your body absorbs oral medications. It’s especially important to talk to your doctor about timing if you take pills that need to be absorbed quickly. 
  • Insulin and Sulfonylureas (glipizide, glyburide) – Taking Wegovy with these diabetes medications can dramatically increase your risk of severe low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). Your doctor will likely need to lower the dose of your other diabetes medications. 
  • Other GLP-1 Agonists – Do not use Wegovy if you are already taking another GLP-1 drug (like Ozempic, Mounjaro, Victoza, etc.). 

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions. 

FAQs

What’s the difference between Wegovy and Ozempic? 

They are the exact same active ingredient: semaglutide. The differences are in their approved use and dosing. Wegovy is approved for chronic weight management and is titrated up to a 2.4 mg maintenance dose. Ozempic is approved for type 2 diabetes and has a maximum maintenance dose of 2 mg. 

How much weight can you actually lose on Wegovy?  

In clinical trials, adults taking Wegovy (along with diet and exercise) lost an average of 15% of their starting body weight over 68 weeks. Individual results will vary. 

What happens when I stop taking Wegovy? Will I gain the weight back?  

Wegovy is intended for long-term management. When you stop taking it, its effects on your appetite and digestion wear off. Studies show that most people regain a significant portion (up to two-thirds) of the weight they lost within a year of stopping the medication. 

Can I get Wegovy if I’m not obese?  

Wegovy is FDA-approved for adults with a BMI of 30 or higher (obesity) or a BMI of 27 or higher (overweight) if they also have at least one weight-related health condition like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or type 2 diabetes. 

What foods should I avoid while on Wegovy?  

No foods are strictly “banned.” However, to manage side effects, many people find it necessary to avoid or greatly reduce high-fat, greasy, fried, spicy, and very sugary foods. These foods sit in your stomach longer and are more likely to cause nausea and indigestion. 

How long does it take for Wegovy to start working for weight loss?  

You may notice your appetite is reduced within the first few weeks, but the medication is dosed to increase slowly over 16-20 weeks. The most significant weight loss typically occurs once you reach the higher maintenance doses (1.7 mg and 2.4 mg).

compare medications

Compared: Wegovy, Ozempic, Zepbound, Mounjaro, or Saxenda? 

Wegovy is a once-weekly GLP-1 agonist for weight loss. Here’s how it compares to its main counterparts in the same class. 

  • Wegovy (Semaglutide) – A once-weekly single-action (GLP-1) injection approved for Chronic Weight Management. 
  • Ozempic (Semaglutide) – The same once-weekly single-action (GLP-1) drug as Wegovy, but branded and dosed for Type 2 Diabetes. 
  • Zepbound (Tirzepatide) – A once-weekly dual-action (GIP/GLP-1) injection approved for Chronic Weight Management. 
  • Mounjaro (Tirzepatide) – The same once-weekly dual-action (GIP/GLP-1) drug as Zepbound, but branded for Type 2 Diabetes. 
  • Saxenda (Liraglutide) – A once-daily single-action (GLP-1) injection approved for Chronic Weight Management. 
Disclaimer

Important: Information on this page is for educational purposes only. Prescribing decisions are made by independent, licensed providers. TelyRx operates technology-enabled pharmacies and a telehealth platform that connects patients with board-certified licensed providers. Prescriptions, when provider-approved and issued, are filled and shipped by TelyRx-affiliated pharmacies. We do not employ physicians or make prescribing decisions.  Learn more about our editorial standards here.

Prescription medications made easy with TelyRx.

Start Your Rx Journey for $22

You may also like

What to Know About Ozempic (Semaglutide)

What to Know About Mounjaro (Tirzepatide)

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What Is Valacyclovir? Uses, Side Effects, Dosage &...

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methylprednisolone
Medications

What Is Methylprednisolone? Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & FAQs

by Mariah Powers
written by Mariah Powers
The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Methylprednisolone

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

methylprednisolone
Methylprednisolone tablets (generic for: Medrol Dosepack)

Table of Contents

Methylprednisolone is a powerful prescription corticosteroid medication, known by the brand name Medrol, used to rapidly treat inflammation, severe allergic reactions, and conditions resulting from immune system overactivity (like lupus or severe asthma flares).

It belongs to the same class of drugs as prednisone and hydrocortisone. It is often prescribed as an oral tablet, frequently as a pre-packaged Medrol Dosepak that involves a carefully timed, tapering schedule.

Methylprednisolone works by calming down your entire immune response, acting similarly to your body’s natural stress hormone, cortisol. Because of its broad effect, it can cause short-term side effects like increased appetite, insomnia, and fluid retention. More importantly, it must never be stopped suddenly, as doing so can lead to a dangerous condition called adrenal insufficiency.

How Does Methylprednisolone Work?

Methylprednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid. It works by interfering with the chemical pathways that trigger the inflammatory response. When your body experiences inflammation, an allergy attack, or an autoimmune flare, your immune system releases substances (like prostaglandins and cytokines). Methylprednisolone blocks the production and release of these substances, effectively suppressing the body’s overactive or damaging response.

Drug Facts

Common Brands Medrol, Medrol Dosepak
Drug Class Corticosteroid
Generic Status Generic version of Medrol Dosepak
Availability Prescription Only

Dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.

Methylprednisolone is used across many medical specialties due to its powerful anti-inflammatory effects.

  • Initial Dose – Dosing is highly individualized and depends entirely on the severity of the condition being treated.
  • Dosepak – This is a common tapered course where the dose gradually decreases daily. This method ensures the drug is stopped safely.
  • Long-Term Use – If prescribed long-term, the dose will be kept as low as possible and taken once daily, often with food.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.

FDA-Approved Uses

  • Inflammatory/Joint Conditions – Treating severe inflammation associated with conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, arthritis, and multiple sclerosis flares.
  • Allergic Reactions – Managing severe, acute allergic conditions (e.g., severe contact dermatitis, serum sickness).
  • Respiratory Conditions – Treating severe exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
  • Skin Disorders – Treating severe skin conditions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
  • Gut Disorders – Treating flares of ulcerative colitis and other inflammatory bowel diseases.
  • Hormone/Blood Disorders – Use for low adrenal hormones and certain cancers of blood cells (e.g., leukemia).

Common Off-Label Uses

You may see methylprednisolone prescribed for uses that are not “FDA-approved.” This is a very common and legal practice called “off-label” prescribing, where a doctor uses their clinical judgment to prescribe a drug for a different (but well-researched) purpose.

While its official uses are broad, it is commonly used in short bursts to treat conditions like severe poison ivy or allergic contact rashes.

Side Effects

Side effects often depend on the dose and the duration of use. Short-term use typically causes milder, acute side effects, while long-term use presents the most serious risks.

Common Side Effects

  • Increased appetite (leading to potential weight gain)
  • Insomnia or nervousness (“Steroid high”)
  • Headache
  • Fluid Retention (edema, puffiness, swelling)
  • Increased blood sugar levels
  • Stomach pain or bloating
  • Muscle weakness

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur.

  • Adrenal Insufficiency (Withdrawal) – The most critical risk when stopping abruptly. Symptoms include severe fatigue, weakness, poor appetite, nausea, dizziness, and low blood pressure. You must taper the dose exactly as directed.
  • New or Worsened Infection – Methylprednisolone suppresses the immune system, making you more vulnerable to infections (bacterial, fungal, viral, like chickenpox/measles) or reactivating past infections (like tuberculosis).
  • Cardiovascular/Electrolyte Risks – Can increase blood pressure and cause fluid retention, potentially worsening heart failure or causing dangerously low potassium levels.
  • Gastrointestinal Bleeding – The risk of stomach ulcers or internal bleeding is increased, especially when combined with NSAIDs or alcohol.
  • Long-Term Risks (Prolonged Use) – Includes the risk of osteoporosis (weak bones), Cushing’s syndrome (a rounded face, fat pad on the neck/back), cataracts, and glaucoma.
  • Mood and Behavior Changes – Can cause depression, mood swings, severe anxiety, or hallucinations.

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms.
Starting at $29.99 per dosepack

Methylprednisolone

Methylprednisolone is an oral steroid used to treat inflammation or pain caused by acute flares of arthritis, gout, and lupus.

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Pharmacist Tips

  • DO NOT STOP ABRUPTLY – If you are taking methylprednisolone for more than a few days, you must taper the dose exactly as directed. Never stop taking it suddenly to avoid a dangerous withdrawal state (adrenal insufficiency).
  • Take With Food – Always take your dose with breakfast or milk to minimize stomach upset and the risk of ulcers. Taking it early in the day, if possible, also helps prevent insomnia.
  • Monitor BP and Sugar – If you have a history of diabetes or high blood pressure, monitor your blood sugar and blood pressure regularly, as the medication can raise both.
  • Avoid Infection – While taking this medication, avoid people who are sick or who have highly contagious illnesses like chickenpox or measles.
  • Live Vaccines – Do not receive “live” vaccines (like MMR or Yellow Fever) while on high doses of this medication, as your suppressed immune system may not respond safely.
  • Limit Alcohol/NSAIDs – Avoid alcohol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen or naproxen while on the steroid, as this combination greatly increases your risk of stomach bleeding.

Drug Interactions

Methylprednisolone has many potential drug interactions. Always provide your healthcare provider with a complete list of all medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements.

  • NSAIDs (Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Aspirin) – Greatly increases the risk of severe stomach ulcers and bleeding.
  • Diabetes Medications (Insulin, Oral Agents) – Methylprednisolone elevates blood sugar. Doses of your diabetes medications may need to be temporarily increased.
  • Diuretics (Water Pills) – Increases your risk of developing dangerously low potassium levels (hypokalemia).
  • Phenytoin and Rifampin – These medications can lower the amount of methylprednisolone in your body, making the steroid less effective.
  • Warfarin (Blood Thinner) – Steroids can affect the dosage and effectiveness of warfarin, requiring more frequent monitoring.
  • Aspirin (Long-Term Use) – Stopping methylprednisolone after long-term aspirin use may require monitoring for aspirin toxicity.

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions.

FAQs

Is methylprednisolone the same as prednisone?

No, they are different drugs but belong to the same corticosteroid class and treat the same conditions. Methylprednisolone is often preferred because it is already active, whereas prednisone must be converted by the liver. Methylprednisolone may also cause slightly less fluid retention.

Why does my doctor prescribe a “Dosepak?”

The Medrol Dosepak ensures you complete a tapered course. The dose is high initially and gradually decreases over 5 to 6 days. This taper helps your adrenal glands start producing their own natural cortisol again before the medication is stopped completely.

Can I take methylprednisolone if I have diabetes?

Use caution. Methylprednisolone will raise your blood sugar levels significantly. If you have diabetes, you must monitor your glucose levels closely and may need to temporarily increase your dose of insulin or oral diabetes medication, as directed by your doctor.

Why do I feel so restless and unable to sleep on methylprednisolone?

Corticosteroids mimic cortisol, a natural stress hormone. This can create a feeling of heightened energy, restlessness, and anxiety. Taking your full dose in the early morning, if possible, can help minimize nighttime sleeplessness.

Will I gain weight from a short course (like 6 days)?

While methylprednisolone increases appetite and can cause fluid retention, significant, long-term fat accumulation is usually only seen with weeks or months of high-dose therapy. Weight gain from a short course is usually temporary water retention.

How long does it take for methylprednisolone to work?

If injected intravenously, the effect can start within an hour. For oral tablets, they begin working as soon as it is absorbed (within a few hours). If injected into a joint, relief may take up to a week to become noticeable.

Can I use methylprednisolone if I am pregnant?

You must discuss this with your provider. Corticosteroids may increase the risk of low birth weight or other issues. Your doctor will weigh the risk of using the drug against the greater risk of having uncontrolled inflammation or asthma during pregnancy.

Can I drink alcohol while taking methylprednisolone?

It is best to avoid alcohol. Alcohol irritates the stomach lining, and since corticosteroids also increase the risk of stomach ulcers and gastrointestinal bleeding, combining them raises that risk significantly. Alcohol may also further suppress your immune system.

What should I do if I miss a dose?

If you are taking it once daily, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed one and resume your schedule. Do not double up. If you are taking a Medrol Dosepak (which has specific pills for specific times of day), call your doctor or pharmacist. They can guide you on how to adjust the taper schedule correctly so you don’t disrupt the treatment.

Does methylprednisolone weaken my immune system?

Yes. By design, corticosteroids work by suppressing the immune system to stop inflammation. This means your body is less able to fight off new infections (bacterial, viral, or fungal). It can also cause dormant infections (like chickenpox or tuberculosis) to wake up. Wash your hands frequently and avoid people who are sick.

Does this medication cause anxiety or mood swings?

Yes, changes in mood are a well-known side effect of corticosteroids. You might feel unusually happy (euphoric), very irritable, anxious, or depressed. In rare cases, high doses can cause confusion or hallucinations. If you notice severe mood changes, contact your doctor.

Are there any foods I should avoid?

You should generally avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice, as they can interact with the enzyme that breaks down the medication, potentially increasing side effects. It is also helpful to limit salty foods (sodium), as the medication already causes your body to hold onto water (fluid retention).

Compare Medications

Compared: Methylprednisolone, Prednisone, Dexamethasone, or Hydrocortisone? 

Methylprednisolone is a powerful anti-inflammatory and is compared below with other commonly prescribed corticosteroids.

  • Methylprednisolone (Medrol) – An intermediate-acting corticosteroid often favored for its lower mineralocorticoid (salt-retaining) effects, meaning it typically causes less water retention than hydrocortisone.
  • Prednisone – An intermediate-acting corticosteroid that is inactive until converted by the liver. It has a slightly higher risk of fluid retention compared to methylprednisolone.
  • Dexamethasone – A long-acting corticosteroid that is significantly more potent than methylprednisolone. It is often reserved for more severe conditions requiring long duration or for use in the brain/CNS due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier.
  • Hydrocortisone – A short-acting corticosteroid that is identical to natural cortisol. It has the highest mineralocorticoid activity, meaning it causes the most salt and water retention.
Disclaimer

Important: Information on this page is for educational purposes only. Prescribing decisions are made by independent, licensed providers. TelyRx operates technology-enabled pharmacies and a telehealth platform that connects patients with board-certified licensed providers. Prescriptions, when provider-approved and issued, are filled and shipped by TelyRx-affiliated pharmacies. We do not employ physicians or make prescribing decisions.  Learn more about our editorial standards here.

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MedicationsWomen's Health

What Is Amoxicillin? Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & FAQs

by Mariah Powers
written by Mariah Powers
The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Amoxicillin

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

Amoxicillin capsules via TelyRx

Table of Contents

Amoxicillin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that belongs to the penicillin class of medications. One of the most widely prescribed antibiotics worldwide, amoxicillin is commonly used to treat patients for ear infections, respiratory tract infections like strep throat and pneumonia, skin infections, and urinary tract infections.

As an antibiotic, amoxicillin is not effective for treating viruses. When amoxicillin is prescribed, patients are advised to take a full course of the antibiotic over multiple days. Side effects may occur, though most are mild and will resolve once the antibiotic course is complete.

How Does Amoxicillin Work?

Amoxicillin works as a bactericide by killing bacteria, rather than merely inhibiting their growth and survival. It attacks the enzymes that build and maintain cellular structure for bacteria, breaking down the cell walls that lead to rupture and destruction of the cell.

This selective targeting based on cellular structure allows amoxicillin to kill invading bacteria without harming healthy human cells, which lack a cell wall.

Drug Facts

Common Brands Amoxil, Larotid, Moxilin, Sumox, Trimox
Drug Class Penicillin antibiotic (aminopenicillin)
Generic Status Generic version available
Availability Prescription Only

Dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.  

Amoxicillin is available as an oral tablet, oral capsule, or liquid suspension. Capsules and tablets can be swallowed whole, while the liquid should be measured out to ensure the correct dose. Specific doses are calculated based on age, body weight, and severity of symptoms.

Standard amoxicillin doses for adults typically falls in the range of 500 mg every 8 to 12 hours or 875 mg every 12 hours depending on the condition being treated and the severity of symptoms present.

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.

FDA-Approved Uses

Amoxicillin is FDA-approved to treat a wide range of bacterial infections, including:

  • Upper and lower respiratory tract infections such as strep throat, sinusitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, and pneumonia
  • Ear, nose, and throat infections
  • Skin and skin structure infections
  • Genitourinary tract infections caused by specific bacteria
  • Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a stomach infection that can cause ulcers; in these cases, amoxicillin is part of a multi-drug regimen

Amoxicillin may also be used as an infection prophylaxis during certain dental procedures for patients at high risk of developing infective endocarditis, a type of heart infection.

Common Off-Label Uses

You may see amoxicillin prescribed for uses that are not “FDA-approved.” This is a common and legal practice called “off-label” prescribing, where a doctor uses their clinical judgment to prescribe a drug for a different (but well-researched) purpose.

Common off-label uses for amoxicillin found in clinical practice and research include:

  • Lyme Disease: Amoxicillin may be used in specific regimens to treat early-stage Lyme disease. This is especially common for patients like pregnant women or young children who are unable to take other first-line drugs due to their contraindications.
  • Anthrax: Amoxicillin can be used as either a post-exposure prophylaxis or part of a regimen to treat inhalational anthrax.
  • Tuberculosis (TB): Amoxicillin may be used as part of a regimen with other medications to treat certain drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects

The most common amoxicillin side effects are mild and temporary. These side effects typically resolve as the patient gets used to taking the medication and finishes their prescribed course.

The most common side effects include:

  • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and other types of gastrointestinal distress
  • Non-itchy red rash
  • A metallic or unusual taste
  • Headache
  • Yeast overgrowth leading to higher risk of yeast infection

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur.

  • Allergic reaction: People who are allergic to penicillin and other allergens present in amoxicillin may experience a serious allergic reaction. This may entail anaphylaxis, a sudden and life-threatening allergic reaction, or Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS), which is more delayed but can be fatal. Allergic reaction symptoms include itchy skin, hives, rapid heart rate, fever, and swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat.
  • Severe skin reaction: While very rare, amoxicillin can cause deadly skin conditions such as Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN), and Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis (AGEP). Symptoms of these conditions include a painful rash, blisters, peeling skin, and reddening around the eyes, mouth, or genitals.
  • Antibiotic-associated diarrhea: Amoxicillin and other antibiotics can disrupt gut bacteria and cause an infection characterized by severe, watery, or bloody diarrhea along with a fever and rapid heart rate. This can occur during treatment up to 2 months after the patient has completed their antibiotic course.
  • Drug-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (DIES): DIES is a rare but severe reaction to taking certain medications, often characterized by vomiting and diarrhea. It usually occurs within a few hours of the patient taking their daily dose.

Call your doctor immediately or seek emergency care if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms. 
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Amoxicillin is a broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic y prescribed to treat common bacterial issues, including respiratory tract infections, ear infections, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and skin infections. This medication eliminates bacteria and helps resolve painful symptoms.

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Pharmacist Tips

  • Finish the Full Course: As with any antibiotic, it is advised to complete your full amoxicillin course – even if you start to feel better before the course is finished. Stronger bacteria often survive the first wave of amoxicillin attacks, so stopping the course early can ensure these bacteria are destroyed and not allowed to multiply or become resistant to the drug.
  • Take With Food as Needed: It is not required to take amoxicillin with food, but some people experience discomfort if they take it on an empty stomach. If you notice an upset stomach, it is advised to plan to take your amoxicillin with a small meal or snack.
  • Consider Cutting Down on Alcohol: Providers typically advise against drinking alcohol while taking antibiotics to treat an infection. Alcohol consumption can depress the immune system, delaying recovery. Furthermore, alcohol can worsen nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and other common side effects of amoxicillin.
  • Tell Your Provider About Pre-Existing Conditions: The risk of developing a severe rash from taking amoxicillin is very high if you have mononucleosis, also known as “mono” or the “kissing disease.” Other pre-existing conditions to discuss with your doctor include kidney problems and a history of adverse reactions to taking antibiotics.
  • Take Probiotics as Directed: Many providers recommend probiotic supplements when you take amoxicillin to restore gut bacteria that gets wiped out during antibiotic therapy. Your doctor can determine whether you should take probiotics with amoxicillin and provide specific recommendations for which type of probiotic to use.
  • Check Birth Control: Before taking amoxicillin, talk to your doctor if you use hormonal birth control. Some studies suggest amoxicillin can decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, so barrier methods might be necessary during treatment to avoid pregnancy.

Drug Interactions

Amoxicillin may interact with several other drugs by altering their metabolism, increasing the risk of side effects, or decreasing their efficacy. These include:

  • Allopurinol: Taking amoxicillin concurrently with allopurinol, a common medication for treating gout, increases the risk of developing a skin rash.
  • Probenecid: Another medication commonly used in gout treatment, probenecid may hinder the removal of amoxicillin from the body. This can potentially lead to higher and more sustained concentrations of amoxicillin in the bloodstream.
  • Blood Thinners: Amoxicillin can enhance the effect of blood thinners like warfarin and potentially increase risk of bleeding. If taken together, providers usually recommend close monitoring to record clotting times.
  • Tetracycline and Macrolide Antibiotics: Antibiotics like tetracycline, doxycycline, and erythromycin are bacteriostatics, meaning they disrupt bacterial growth rather than killing them outright. As such, they can interfere with amoxicillin’s bactericidal mechanisms and reduce amoxicillin’s overall effectiveness.
  • Hormone-Based Birth Control: Amoxicillin may compromise the effectiveness of hormone-based birth control methods, including those that contain estrogen or progestin. Many providers recommend backup contraception during an amoxicillin course.

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions.

FAQs

What kind of infections is amoxicillin good for?

Amoxicillin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to effectively treat a wide range of common bacterial infections. These include upper and lower respiratory tract infections like strep throat and pneumonia, ear infections, skin infections, and urinary tract infections. Amoxicillin is also commonly used to treat H. pylori infections that cause stomach ulcers.

Can amoxicillin cause a sore throat?

While amoxicillin is commonly used to treat sore throats brought on by bacterial infection, it can also cause a sore throat. However, this is not a direct side effect of taking the medication. Sore throat could be an early symptom of a severe allergic reaction or an underlying medical condition not related to the amoxicillin treatment.

What should you avoid while taking amoxicillin?

It is advised to avoid alcohol throughout your amoxicillin course. You should also avoid taking the medication if you have a known penicillin allergy or mononucleosis.

How quickly does amoxicillin work?

Amoxicillin begins working very quickly once you begin your antibiotic course. Most patients begin to see their symptoms improve within 3 days of beginning their treatment. You should contact your doctor if you do not notice improvement after 3 days, as this may indicate your infection either is not bacterial or is resistant to amoxicillin.

What helps antibiotics work better?

The best way to ensure your amoxicillin treatment is effective is to take every dose for the entire antibiotic schedule. Proper rest and hydration helps support your immune system, and your doctor may recommend taking a probiotic supplement to maintain gut health for the duration of the amoxicillin course.

Does amoxicillin cause rashes?

Yes, a rash is a common side effect of taking amoxicillin. A flat, red, and non-itchy rash is a common side effect of taking the drug. However, more serious symptoms such as itchy skin, hives, swelling, or blisters may indicate a severe allergic reaction like anaphylaxis or DRESS. If you notice severe symptoms, contact your doctor immediately.

Can you drink alcohol with amoxicillin?

It is generally advised not to drink alcohol while taking amoxicillin. Alcohol can slow down your immune response and make it harder for your body to fight an infection. It can also worsen gastrointestinal side effects of amoxicillin, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Does amoxicillin make you tired?

Tiredness or fatigue is not a common side effect of taking amoxicillin, but it may be a symptom of the bacterial infection your body is fighting. Extreme weakness or fatigue, especially when accompanied by vomiting and bloody diarrhea, may indicate a more severe condition such as DIES or a C. diff infection. You should seek immediate medical attention if you experience these more severe symptoms during your amoxicillin course.

Does amoxicillin expire?

Yes, amoxicillin capsules and tablets have a standard expiration date that should be printed clearly on the packaging. The liquid suspension, once mixed by the pharmacist, has a much shorter shelf life and must be discarded after 14 days – even if there is liquid remaining.

What happens if you miss a dose of amoxicillin?

Missing a dose can compromise the success of your treatment and potentially increase the risk of the bacteria developing resistance. If you forget to take a dose, it is advised to take it as soon as you remember unless it is almost time for your next dose, in which case you’d skip the missed dose altogether and resume your regular schedule. It is never advised to take two doses at the same time.

Is amoxicillin the same as penicillin?

Amoxicillin is not technically the same as penicillin, but they are closely related. Amoxicillin is an antibiotic that belongs to the penicillin drug class, and is considered an advanced, broad-spectrum form of penicillin. It treats a wider range of infections than narrow-spectrum Penicillin V and, when taken orally, has better absorption.

Can amoxicillin cause a yeast infection?

Yes, amoxicillin kills bacteria indiscriminately. This means good, protective bacteria that maintain a healthy body may get caught in the crossfire. Eliminating good bacteria can lead to overgrowth of yeast and result in an oral thrush or vaginal yeast infection.

Compare Medications

Compared: Amoxicillin, Augmentin, Penicillin, Cephalexin, or Doxycycline?

Amoxicillin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic with an average treatment course of 7-10 days. Here’s how it compares to some leading amoxicillin alternatives:
  • Augmentin: Augmentin is a very broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat infections caused by amoxicillin-resistant bacteria.
  • Penicillin: Penicillin is a narrow-spectrum antibiotic primarily used to treat infections from Gram-positive bacteria.
  • Cephalexin: Cephalexin is primarily used to treat infections in the skin and soft tissue, respiratory tract, urinary tract, ears, and bones.
  • Doxycycline: Doxycycline inhibits bacterial growth, rather than killing bacteria outright. The course length for doxycycline depends on the infection being treated.
Disclaimer

Important: Information on this page is for educational purposes only. Prescribing decisions are made by independent, licensed providers. TelyRx operates technology-enabled pharmacies and a telehealth platform that connects patients with board-certified licensed providers. Prescriptions, when provider-approved and issued, are filled and shipped by TelyRx-affiliated pharmacies. We do not employ physicians or make prescribing decisions.

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Medications

What Is Azithromycin? Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & FAQs

by Mariah Powers
written by Mariah Powers
The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Azithromycin (Zithromax)

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

Azithromycin tablets via TelyRx.

Table of Contents

Azithromycin is one of the most prescribed antibiotics in the United States, known for its convenience and effectiveness against a wide range of bacterial infections.  

It’s often prescribed as the popular “Z-Pak,” a 5-day course where you take a double dose on the first day. It is also used as a single dose to treat certain sexually transmitted infections like chlamydia.  Azithromycin works by stopping bacteria from multiplying, allowing your body to clear the infection. It is a macrolide antibiotic, making it a good alternative for people with penicillin allergies.  

how does azithromycin work?

Azithromycin is a “macrolide” antibiotic. It works by targeting the bacteria’s ribosomes, which are the tiny “factories” that build proteins. By attaching to these ribosomes, azithromycin stops the bacteria from making the proteins they need to grow, multiply, and function.  

This doesn’t always kill the bacteria outright, but it stops their spread, giving your body’s immune system the chance to take over and eliminate the infection. 

drug facts

Common Brands Zithromax
Drug Class Macrolide antibiotic
Generic Status Generic version of Zithromax
Availability Prescription Only

dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.   

  • Chlamydia (Single-Dose) – The standard treatment is a single, one-time dose of 1 gram (1,000 mg). 

Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions for exact dosing.  

FDA-approved uses

Azithromycin is FDA-approved to treat a variety of common bacterial infections, including: 

  • Respiratory Infections – Certain types of community-acquired pneumonia, bronchitis, and sinus infections (sinusitis). 
  • Strep Throat & Tonsillitis – Pharyngitis/tonsillitis. 
  • Ear Infections – Acute otitis media. 
  • Skin Infections – Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections. 
  • Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) – Uncomplicated chlamydia and genital ulcer disease (chancroid). 
  • Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID). 
  • COPD Exacerbations – Sudden worsening of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 

common off-label uses

You may see azithromycin prescribed for uses that are not “FDA-approved.” This is a prevalent and legal practice called “off-label” prescribing, where a doctor uses their clinical judgment to prescribe a drug for a different (but well-researched) purpose. Azithromycin is commonly prescribed for: 

  • Traveler’s Diarrhea – It is sometimes prescribed for the treatment of severe traveler’s diarrhea. 
  • Acne – Lower doses may be used long-term for their anti-inflammatory effects in treating acne. 

side effects

The most common side effects are related to the stomach and digestive system. 

Common Side Effects

  • Diarrhea 
  • Nausea 
  • Vomiting 
  • Stomach pain or cramping 
  • Gas 

Serious Side Effects

While rare, azithromycin can cause serious side effects. Stop taking the medication and contact your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following: 

  • Serious Allergic Reaction – Hives, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue, difficulty breathing or swallowing (angioedema), or severe skin reactions (blistering, peeling). 
  • Irregular Heart Rhythm (QT Prolongation) – This is a rare but dangerous heart rhythm change. Seek immediate medical help if you feel faint, dizzy, or have a fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat. 
  • Liver Problems – Stop taking the medication and call your doctor if you notice yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), severe fatigue, dark urine, or right-sided stomach pain. 
  • Severe Diarrhea (C. difficile) – Any antibiotic can cause an overgrowth of a bacteria called C. difficile, leading to severe, watery, or bloody diarrhea (often with fever and stomach cramps). This can happen during or even weeks after finishing the antibiotic. 

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms. 
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Azithromycin

Azithromycin is used for the treatment of traveler’s diarrhea due to the ingestion of contaminated food of water in specific regions.

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pharmacist tips

  1. Finish the Full Course – This is the most important tip. Even if you feel 100% better, you must finish the entire course of antibiotics. Stopping early can allow the bacteria to rebound and become resistant to the antibiotic. 
  2. Take With or Without Food – You can take azithromycin tablets with or without food. If it upsets your stomach, try taking it with a small meal or snack. 
  3. Antacids – Do not take aluminum or magnesium-containing antacids (like Maalox or Mylanta) at the same time as azithromycin. Take the antacid at least 2 hours before or 2 hours after your antibiotic dose. 
  4. Managing Diarrhea – Mild diarrhea is common. If your doctor approves, taking a probiotic (separated by at least 2 hours from your antibiotic) may help. If the diarrhea is severe, watery, or contains blood, call your doctor immediately. 
  5. Check for Interactions – Azithromycin can interact with blood thinners (like warfarin), heart rhythm medications, and some seizure medications. Always give your doctor and pharmacist a full list of your medications. 

drug interactions

Azithromycin can have significant interactions. Be sure your doctor knows if you take: 

  • Antacids (Aluminum/magnesium) – Can decrease absorption. 
  • Heart Rhythm Medications (Amiodarone, Sotalol) – Increases risk of QT prolongation. 
  • Blood Thinners (Warfarin) – Can increase bleeding risk. 
  • Statins (Atorvastatin) – May have an increased risk of muscle problems. 
  • Colchicine 
  • Digoxin 
  • Phenytoin 

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions. 

FAQs

Is azithromycin a type of penicillin?  

No. Azithromycin is in the “macrolide” class of antibiotics. It is a completely different class from penicillin. It is often prescribed specifically for people who are allergic to penicillin. 

What’s the difference between azithromycin and amoxicillin?  

They are in different antibiotic classes and kill bacteria differently. Amoxicillin (a penicillin) is often the first choice for infections like strep throat or ear infections. Azithromycin is a good alternative for those with penicillin allergies or for “atypical” bacteria that amoxicillin doesn’t cover (like in some types of pneumonia). 

Can I drink alcohol while taking azithromycin?  

It’s generally best to avoid alcohol. While there is no direct, dangerous interaction known, alcohol can increase stomach side effects like nausea and dizziness. It can also weaken your immune system, making it harder for your body to fight the infection. 

How long does azithromycin take to work?  

You may start to feel better within 1 to 2 days, but the medication continues to work in your body for several days even after you finish your last dose.  

Will azithromycin cure the flu or a cold?  

Azithromycin is an antibiotic, which means it only works against bacterial infections. The common cold and the flu are caused by viruses. Taking an antibiotic for a viral infection will not make you better, won’t help your symptoms, and can contribute to antibiotic resistance. 

How long after taking azithromycin for chlamydia should I wait to have sex?  

The CDC recommends abstaining from all sexual activity for 7 days after taking a dose of azithromycin. This gives the medication time to fully clear the infection and prevents you from transmitting it to a partner.

Does azithromycin interact with birth control pills? Azithromycin itself does not have a direct, proven interaction that makes hormonal birth control (like the pill, patch, or ring) less effective. However, if the antibiotic causes severe vomiting or diarrhea, your body may not absorb your oral birth control pill properly, which could increase your risk of pregnancy. 

compare medications

Compared: Azithromycin, Amoxicillin, or Doxycycline? 

Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic known for its short treatment course. Here’s how it compares to other common antibiotics. 

  • Azithromycin (Zithromax) – A macrolide antibiotic with a unique dosing schedule (1-5 days) and good coverage for “atypical” bacteria. 
  • Z-Pak – A specific, convenient 5-day pre-packaged course of azithromycin with tapered dosing (2 pills on day 1, 1 pill on days 2-5). 
  • Amoxicillin (Amoxil) – A penicillin antibiotic that is often a first-line choice for strep and ear infections, but typically requires a 7- to 10-day course. 
  • Doxycycline – A tetracycline antibiotic that is also a first-line choice for chlamydia (as a 7-day course) and is used for respiratory and skin infections. 
  • Clarithromycin (Biaxin) – Another macrolide antibiotic similar to azithromycin, but it often requires a 7- to 14-day course and has more drug interactions. 
  • Levofloxacin (Levaquin) – A fluoroquinolone antibiotic used for more severe infections (like pneumonia), but it has a higher risk of serious side effects (tendon rupture). 
Disclaimer

Important: Information on this page is for educational purposes only. Prescribing decisions are made by independent, licensed providers. TelyRx operates technology-enabled pharmacies and a telehealth platform that connects patients with board-certified licensed providers. Prescriptions, when provider-approved and issued, are filled and shipped by TelyRx-affiliated pharmacies. We do not employ physicians or make prescribing decisions.  Learn more about our editorial standards here.

Prescription medications made easy with TelyRx.

Start Your Rx Journey for $22

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What to Know About Ozempic (Semaglutide)

What to Know About Mounjaro (Tirzepatide)

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Tadalafil (Generic for: Cialis)
Medications

What Is Tadalafil? Uses, Side Effects, & FAQs

by Mariah Powers
written by Mariah Powers
The Wellness Collective

What to Know About Tadalafil

Reviewed by Ashley Robinson, PharmD, Pharmacy Manager for TelyRx

Tadalafil (Generic for: Cialis)
Tadalafil tablets (generic for: Cialis)

Table of Contents

Tadalafil, best known by its brand name Cialis, is used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED). It is also FDA-approved to treat the urinary symptoms of an enlarged prostate (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, or BPH). Tadalafil belongs to a class of drugs called PDE-5 inhibitors.

Its main feature is a long-lasting effect, with a single “as-needed” dose remaining effective for up to 36 hours, earning it the nickname “the weekend pill.” It is also available in a lower, once-daily dose for those who prefer not to plan for sexual activity.

Common side effects include headache, indigestion, back pain, and muscle aches. A very rare but serious side effect is priapism; an erection lasting over 4 hours.

How does Tadalafil work?

Tadalafil is a PDE-5 inhibitor. It works by blocking an enzyme called PDE-5.

When you are sexually aroused, your body releases nitric oxide, which increases levels of cGMP and relaxes smooth muscle, allowing more blood to flow into the penis. Tadalafil blocks PDE-5, the enzyme that breaks down cGMP, helping this process last longer. It does not cause an erection without sexual stimulation.

Drug facts

Common Brands Cialis, Adcirca, Alya
Drug Class Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitor
Generic Status Generic version of Cialis
Availability Prescription Only

Dosing

Note: Dosing information below is educational only. Your prescribing physician will determine your specific dose based on your individual health needs.

Dosing for tadalafil is flexible and depends on the condition and your preference.

  • For ED (As-Needed)
    • The typical starting dose is 10 mg, taken at least 30 minutes before sexual activity.
    • This dose can be increased to 20 mg or decreased to 5 mg based on effectiveness and side effects.
    • The effects can last for up to 36 hours. Do not take more than one dose in a 24-hour period.
  • For ED (Once-Daily)
    • The dose is 2.5 mg or 5 mg taken once a day, at the same time every day.
    • This allows for spontaneous sexual activity without the need to time a pill.

FDA-approved uses

  • Erectile Dysfunction (ED) – The most common use.
  • Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) – To treat the urinary signs and symptoms of an enlarged prostate.
  • ED and BPH Together – For men who have both conditions.
  • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) – Tadalafil is also sold under the brand name Adcirca to treat high blood pressure in the lungs. You should never take both Cialis and Adcirca.

Common off-label uses

You may see Mounjaro prescribed for uses that are not “FDA-approved.” This is a very common and legal practice called “off-label” prescribing, where a doctor uses their clinical judgment to prescribe a drug for a different (but well-researched) purpose. 

Mounjaro is widely prescribed “off-label” for chronic weight management in adults who are overweight or obese. While Mounjaro is not officially FDA-approved for weight loss, its active ingredient, tirzepatide, is approved for this use under the brand name Zepbound.

Side effects

These side effects are often mild and may go away as your body adjusts.

Common Side Effects

  • Headache

  • Indigestion or upset stomach

  • Back pain

  • Muscle aches

  • Flushing (facial redness)

  • Runny or stuffy nose

Serious Side Effects

Serious side effects are rare, but it’s important to know what to look for if they do occur.

Stop taking tadalafil and seek medical help immediately if you experience:

  • Priapism – An erection that is painful or lasts longer than 4 hours. This is a medical emergency that can cause permanent damage.
  • Sudden Vision Loss – A sudden decrease or loss of vision in one or both eyes.
  • Sudden Hearing Loss – A sudden decrease in hearing or ringing in the ears (tinnitus).
  • Severe Low Blood Pressure – Dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting.
  • Signs of Heart Attack/Stroke – Chest pain, sudden numbness or weakness, severe headache, or confusion.
  • Serious Allergic Reaction – Rash, hives, swelling of the face, lips, or throat, and difficulty breathing.

Call your doctor immediately if you experience any concerning or prolonged symptoms.
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Pharmacist tips

  • The 36-Hour Window – The biggest advantage of the “as-needed” dose is its long duration. A single pill allows for sexual activity for up to 36 hours.
  • Nitrates are a “No” – NEVER take tadalafil if you take nitrate medications for chest pain (like nitroglycerin), high blood pressure (like isosorbide mononitrate) or use recreational “poppers” (amyl nitrite). The combination can cause a sudden, life-threatening drop in blood pressure.
  • Erection Over 4 Hours? Go to the ER – A prolonged erection (priapism) is a serious emergency. If your erection lasts more than 4 hours, go to the nearest emergency room.
  • With or Without Food – Tadalafil works well either way. Unlike some other ED pills, a meal won’t significantly affect its absorption.
  • Watch the Alcohol – Limit your alcohol intake. Drinking alcohol can increase the side effects of dizziness and headache and can make it harder to get an erection.
  • No “Double Dosing” – Never take tadalafil with other PDE-5 inhibitors like sildenafil (Viagra) or vardenafil (Levitra).
  • Daily Dose vs. As-Needed – The daily dose (2.5mg or 5mg) is great for men who prefer spontaneity. The as-needed dose (10mg or 20mg) is better for men who have sex less frequently and prefer a stronger, single dose.

Drug interactions

Tadalafil can interact with many medications. The most critical interaction is with nitrates.

DO NOT TAKE TADALAFIL if you take:

  • Nitrates (nitroglycerin, isosorbide mononitrate, amyl nitrite “poppers”).
  • Guanylate Cyclase (GC) Stimulators (Riociguat).

Use caution and talk to your doctor if you take:

  • Alpha-blockers – (tamsulosin for BPH) as this combination can cause low blood pressure.
  • Blood Pressure Medications – Tadalafil can have an additive effect.
  • CYP3A4 Inhibitors – (ketoconazole, clarithromycin, grapefruit juice), which can increase the level of tadalafil in your blood.
  • Other PDE-5 Inhibitors – sildenafil, vardenafil.

Always give your doctor and pharmacist a complete list of all your medications, vitamins, and supplements to check for potential interactions.

FAQs

How long does Tadalafil (Cialis) last?

The “as-needed” dose (10 mg or 20 mg) is effective for up to 36 hours. This doesn’t mean you’ll have an erection for 36 hours, but that the medication will be in your system to help you achieve an erection with stimulation during that time.

What’s the difference between Cialis and Viagra?

The main difference is duration. Viagra (sildenafil) works for about 4 to 6 hours. Cialis (tadalafil) works for up to 36 hours. Cialis also has a daily-dose option, while Viagra is only taken as needed.

Can I take Tadalafil every day?

Yes. The 2.5 mg and 5 mg doses are designed to be taken once daily. This allows for spontaneous sexual activity anytime, rather than having to time a pill before sex.

Can I cut a 20mg Tadalafil tablet in half?

No. Tadalafil tablets are not scored and are designed to be swallowed whole. Cutting them can lead to an uneven or incorrect dose.

Does Tadalafil make you last longer during sex?

Tadalafil treats erectile dysfunction (the ability to get/keep an erection). It does not treat premature ejaculation (how long it takes to climax).

Why does Tadalafil cause back pain?

Back pain and muscle aches are unique common side effects of tadalafil. This is thought to be related to its effect on the PDE-11 enzyme, which is found in muscle tissue. The pain is temporary and usually goes away within 1-2 days.

Can I drink grapefruit juice with Tadalafil?

It’s best to avoid it. Grapefruit juice can inhibit an enzyme in your liver that breaks down tadalafil, leading to higher levels of the medication in your blood and an increased risk of side effects.

Compare medications

Compared: Tadalafil, Sildenafil, Vardenafil, or Avanafil? 

Tadalafil is in the same class as several other well-known ED medications. The main differences are in their duration, onset of action, and how they are affected by food.

  • Tadalafil (Cialis) – The “weekend pill,” notable for its extremely long 36-hour duration and the option for a low, once-daily dose.
  • Sildenafil (Viagra) – The original “little blue pill,” works for 4-6 hours and is most effective when taken on an empty stomach.
  • Vardenafil – Has a similar profile to sildenafil, with a 4-6 hour duration, and is known for being a potent option.
  • Avanafil (Stendra) – The newest option, known for its very fast onset of action (as quickly as 15 minutes for some men).
Disclaimer

Important: Information on this page is for educational purposes only. Prescribing decisions are made by independent, licensed providers. TelyRx operates technology-enabled pharmacies and a telehealth platform that connects patients with board-certified licensed providers. Prescriptions, when provider-approved and issued, are filled and shipped by TelyRx-affiliated pharmacies. We do not employ physicians or make prescribing decisions.  Learn more about our editorial standards here.

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