Allopurinol is a prescription medication used to treat chronic gout, certain types of kidney stones, and elevated uric acid levels in patients undergoing cancer therapy. It works by inhibiting xanthine oxidase, an enzyme involved in the production of uric acid. By lowering uric acid levels in the bloodstream, Allopurinol helps prevent gout flare-ups and joint damage over time.
It is also used as an adjunct therapy in cancer treatment, particularly during chemotherapy, which can cause rapid cell breakdown and a dangerous spike in uric acid levels (tumor lysis syndrome).
How to Use:
Allopurinol is most commonly prescribed to take once daily, usually after meals to minimize stomach upset, unless otherwise directed by your provider.
Patients should drink plenty of fluids throughout the day to support kidney function and help prevent kidney stone formation.
The dosage is individualized and may be adjusted by a healthcare provider based on uric acid levels and clinical response.
Note: Allopurinol is not effective for treating active gout attacks. It is meant for ongoing prevention, and starting it during an acute flare may worsen symptoms.
Important Usage Notes:
Alcohol can interfere with its effectiveness and increase the risk of gout attacks
Maintaining hydration is especially important while taking this medication